Term
| ___ is the movement of particles via a carrier protien across cell membranes and epithelial layers; requires an expenditure of energy |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is an enzyme that is secreted in saliva and from the pancreas and catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the microvilli that greatly increase the surface area of intestinal mucosal cells |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the process by which a mineral is bound to a ligand, usually an acid, an organic acid, or a sugar; so that it is in a form capable of being absorbed into intestinal cells |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a hormone that is secreted by the proximal small bowel and stimulates the pancreas to secrete enzymes (and,to a lesser extent, bicarbonateand water), stimulates gall bladder contraction,slows gastric emptying, stimulates colonic activity, and may regulate appetite |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the semifluid, gruel like material produced by the gastric digestion of food |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the process of fermenting and absorbing end products of dietary carbohydrate, fiber, and amino acids in the large intestine |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a hormone secreted by the duodenal mucosa in response to the presence of fat in the duodenum; inhibits gastric secretion and motility, slowing the delivery of additional lipids into the duodenum. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ is the movement of particles across a membrane via a transporter or carrier protein |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a hormone that is produced by the antral mucosa of the stomach and stimulates gastric secretions and motility |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a hormone released from the intestinal mucosa that decreases gastric emptying, lower glucagon secretion, stimulates insulin secretions, and increases insulin sensitivity and satiety |
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Definition
| glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) |
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Term
| ___ is a hormone that is released from the intestinal mucosa in the presence of glucose, fat, and/or protein and increases insulin release by pancreatic islet cells |
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Definition
| glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) |
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Term
| ___is an intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes lactose into glucose and galactose |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is an intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes maltose into glucose |
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Definition
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Term
| __ is a complex of primarily free fatty acids monoglycerides, and bile salts that allow lipids to be absorbed into intestinal mucosal cells |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ are minute cylindrical processes that are found on the surface of the intestinal cells and greatly increase their absorbptive surface area |
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Definition
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Term
| __ a polypeptide gastrointestinal hormone that promotes gastric emptying and intestinal motility |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is an enzyme in pancreatic juice that hydrolyzes ester linkages between fatty acids and glycerol |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ are large cells that are scattered along the walls of the stomach and secrete hydrochloric acid and gastric juice |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the random movement of particles through openings in cellular membranes according to electrochemical and concentration gradients |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a protease active only in the acid environment of the stomach; serves to change the shape and size of some proteins in the meal |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the movement by which the alimentary canal propels its contents |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is food usually carbohydrates or specific oligosacharides from vegetables, grains, and legumes, may also include resistant starch, soluable dietary fiber, and malabsorbed sugars that are preferred energy substrates of friendly microbes in the gastrointestinal tract |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is food or concentrate of live organisms that contribute to a healthy microbial environment and suppress potential harmful microbes |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ are the enzyme which break down protein into proteoses, peptones, peptides, and amino acids |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 proteolytic enzymes? |
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Definition
| trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase |
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Term
| __ is a hormone released from the duodenal wall into the bloodstream that stimulates the pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate and inhibits gastrin secretion |
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Definition
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Term
| __ is a polypeptide hormone secreted from the stomach, small intestine, and pancreas that tends to inhibit other gastrointestinal secretions and motility |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the intestinal enzyme that hydrolyzes sucrose into glucose and fructose |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is a combination of probiotics and prebiotics of a long chain inulin type fructans |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ are the numerous fingerlike projections that cover the surface of the small intestine mucosa |
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Definition
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