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| adapted to living on land |
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| Many plants reproduce with |
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Long tube like systems that move materials through the plant
Transports materials throughout a plant's body
Sugar is produced in the leaves and transported downward to other parts of the plant
Water and Nutrients enter through the roots and are transported upward to the rest of the plant
Leaves, Stems and Roots |
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| The movement of water vaper out of a plant and into the air |
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is a young plant that is enclosed in a protective coating
Provide protection for the young plants as well as a supply of nutrients |
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| Is the immature form of an organism that has the potential to grow and develop |
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| is the the beginning of growth for a plant from a spore or a seed |
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| is a small multicelluar structure that holds sperm cells |
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Seed plants that have existed on earth more than 250 million years.
Example: the Pine Tree
Reproduce with pollen and seeds |
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is a seed plant that produces flower and fruit
Use flowers and fruit to reproduce
Flowers produce pollen as contain the plants reproductive structures |
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| is a reproductive structure of the ANGIOSPERM |
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The fertilized ovary of a flower (angiosperm) thickens and become a fruit containing a seed or seeds
Fruit develops after pollenation and contains seeds
Animals eat fruit and transport seeds to new locations |
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| All plants share common characteristics |
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The parts are specialized to get water and nutrients from soil
They are multicellular organisms
A plant cell has a nucleus and is surrounded by a cell wall
Plants are producers. They capture energy from the Sun.
Plant life cycles are divided into two stages or generations. |
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| Ancestors of present day mosses and ferns |
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| were among the first land plants |
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| small non vascular plants |
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| carbon dioxide + water + sunlight makes sugars + oxygen = |
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| stomata openings at the bottm of a leaf lead to a network of tiny spaces where gases are stored |
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| cuticle is the waxy surface of a leaf that keeps water from evaporating |
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| tissue that carries water and dissolved nutients up from the roots |
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| tissue that transports energy rich materials dowm from the leaves. Like long hollow pipes |
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| anchors plants to the ground, absorb water and nutrients from the soil |
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| stems and leaves reaching to the sun, the leaves use materials transported from the root system and carbon dioxide from the air to make sugars and carbohydrates, which the stems deliver to the rest of the plant |
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Cells on the surface produce a waxy CUTICLE that prevents loss of water
CHLOROPLASTS are located in the cells in the upper layer of the leaf
XYLEM transports water and nutrients up fromt he roots
PHOEM transports energy rich compounds down to other parts of the plants
STOMATA are tiny holes on the underside of the leaf that move carbon dioxide and water vapor in and out |
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| Three functions of plant stems |
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transport of materials between it's leaves and roots
long stiff fibers provide support and give plant shape and stems can store sugars and nutrients |
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| LIFE CYCLE OF A PINE TREE |
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Meiosis - a mature pine tree has male and female cones, meiosis occurs inside the cones producing sperm and egg cells
POLLINATION- male cone releases pollen, which sticks to the scalesof a female cone and a pollen tubes begins to grow
FERTILIZATION- sperm moves through the pollen tube to fertilize one if the egg cells at the base of the female cone scale
SEEDS- each fertilized egg becomes and embryo in a seed. a female cone can contain many seeds |
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