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Chapter 11
Performance Management and Appraisal
32
Management
Undergraduate 3
11/09/2011

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Term
performance management linkage
Definition
Organization Strategies--> Performance Management--> Employee Performance--> Performance Management Outcomes--> Organizational Results
Term
performance management
Definition
series of activities designed to ensure that the organization gets the performance it needs from its employees
Term
performance appraisal
Definition
process of determining how well employees do their job relative to a standard and communicating that information to the employee
Term
Components of a Performance-Focused Culture
Definition
-Clear Expectations, Goals, and Deadlines
-Detailed Appraisal of Employee Performance
-Clear Feedback on Performance
-Managers and EMployee Training as Needed
-Consequences for Peformance
Term
job duties
Definition
important elements in a given job
Term
identifying and measuring employee performance
Definition
Quantity of output
Quality of output
Timeliness of output
Presence at work
Term
types of performance information
Definition
Trait Based--> Behavioral Based--> Results Based
Sometimes Objectively and Subjectively
Term
performance standards
Definition
define the expected levels of performance, and are labeled benchmarks, goals, or targets--depending on the approach taken
Term
ACTFL Performance Standards for Speaking Proficiency
Definition
Performance Level
-Superior (participates fully in conversation relating to needs and professional interests)
-Intermediate(can satisfy simple needs to survive in the languages culture)
-Novice (can satisfy a limited number of immediate needs)
Term
performance metrics in Service Businesses
Definition
-Regional differences in Labor costs
-service agreement differences
-equipment/infrastructure differences
-work volume
Term
administrative performance appraisals
Definition
1) determining pay adjustments,2) making job placement decisions on promotions, transfers, and demotions, and 3) choosing employee disciplinary actions up to and including termination of employment
Term
development performance appraisal
Definition
identifying current training, acts as counselor or coach, identifies areas for change, and career planning
Term
Traditional Performance Appraisal Process
Definition
HR Department Designs appraisal system
Supervisor appraises the employee
Manager reviews the appraisal results
Employee is addressed with performance issues and sets goals
Term
Multisource Appraisal
Definition
done by
Manager, Co-worker.Peers, Customers, Self, and Subordinates
Term
graphic rating scale
Definition
scale that allows the rater to mark an employee's performance on a continuum
descriptive categories, job duties, and behavioral dimensions
Term
Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)
Definition
design to assess an employees behaviors instead of other characteristics
Term
ranking
Definition
performance appraisal method in which all employees are listed from highest to lowest in performance
Term
forced distribution
Definition
performance appraisal method in which ratings of employees performance are distributed along a bell-shaped curve
Term
critical incident
Definition
manager keeps a written record of both highly favorable and unfavorable actions performed by an employee during the entire rating period
Term
essay
Definition
an essay method requires a manager to write a short essay describing each employees performance during the rating period
Term
Management by Objectives (MBO)
Definition
Performance appraisal method that specifies the performance goals that an individual and manager mutually identify
Term
MBO Process
Definition
1. Job Review and Agreement
2. Development of Performance Standards
3. Setting of Objectives
4. Continuous Performance Discussions
Term
recency effect
Definition
occurs when a rater gives greater weight to recent events when appraising an individuals performance
Term
primacy effect
Definition
occurs when a rater gives greater weight to information received first when appraising an individuals performance
Term
central tendency error
Definition
occurs when a rater gives all employees a score within a narrow range in the middle of the scale
Term
leniency error
Definition
occurs when ratings of all employees fall at the high end of the scale
Term
strictness error
Definition
occurs when ratings of all employees fall at the low end of the scale
Term
rater bias
Definition
occurs when a rater's values or prejudices distort the rating
Term
Halo and horns effect
Definition
occurs when a rater scores an employee high on all job criteria because of performance in one area
Term
contrast error
Definition
tendency to rate people relative to others rather than against performance standards
Term
similar/different to me error
Definition
scoring someone based on the similarities or differences to themselves
Term
sampling error
Definition
scored based of only the sample taken...could be really good or really bad
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