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Chapter 11
The Age of Enlightenment
39
History
7th Grade
06/03/2008

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

the sun revolved around 

 

the earth

Definition

 

 

Ptolemy

Term

 

 

 

1500's ?

Definition

 

 

the Scientific Revolution began

Term

 

 

thought people were naturally selfish and violent

 

Definition

 

 

 Thomas  Hobbes

Term

 

 

Who was the scientist who theorized the sun was the center of the universe?

Definition

 

Copernicus 

 

 

Term

 

 

Define laissez-faire

Definition

 

 

let people do as they please, noninterference

Term

 

 

What is the meaning of science?

Definition

 

 

any organized study of how

 the natural world works

Term

 

 

  

Who stated, "I think, therefore I am."

Definition

 

 

Rene Descartes

Term

 

 

During the Scientific Revolution, what allowed science and religion to coexist?

Definition

 

 

deism

Term

 

What does Hypothesize mean, as in the second step in the Scientific Method?

Definition

 

this step, hypothesize, means;

 to try to create an explanation of the facts

Term

 

 

Mary Wollstonecraft

Definition

 

 

wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women

Term

 

 

What did William Harvey discover?

Definition

 

 

the heart pumps blood

Term

 

What did delegates do to

create a stronger national government?

Definition

 

 

write the US Constitution

Term

 

 

1783

Definition

 

 

Great Britain recognized

American Independence

Term

 

 

What idea is it when a government

receives its powers from the people it governs?

Definition

 

 

popular sovereignty

Term

 

 

 a sweeping change in the way

Europeans understood science

Definition

 

 

Scientific Revolution

Term

 

 

The English Bill of Rights

Definition

 

 

written during the Glorious Revolution

Term

 

What do Catherine II, Louis XIV, and Frederick the Great have in common?

Definition

 

 

all were enlightened despots

Term

 

What is Enlightenment?

Definition

 

the era when people believed reason was a

better guide than religious faith or tradition

Term

 

 

Isaac Newton

Definition

 

 

developed the universal law

of gravitation

Term

 

 

Why did the First Continental

Congress meet?

Definition

 

to call for the repeal of various

British policies

Term

 

  

Who or what began tradition of self-government

in New England?

Definition

 

 

Mayflower Compact

Term

 

 

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Definition

 

 

civil rights leader who believed

in equal opportunity and

human rights

Term

 

 

religious tolerance

Definition

 

 

Enlightenment idea involving accepting

differences in beliefs

Term

 

 

Why was Galileo accused of heresy?

Definition

 

 

he argued that the Earth

revolved around the Sun

Term

 

 

the French Revolution

Definition

 

 

influenced by the Enlightenment ideas

Term

 

 

Why did members of the Third Estate

resent privileges of nobles

Definition

 

  

a result of the Enlightenment ideas

Term

 

Roots of the Scientific Revolution

Definition

 

 

European explorations, contact with the

Islamic world, and the

humanist approach to reason

Term

 

 

Roots of the American Revolution 

Definition

 

 

the Enlightenment idea of social contract

Term

 

 

Voltaire

Definition

 

 

greatest thinker of the Enlightenment

Term

 

 

 

Denis Diderot

Definition

 

 

spread Enlightenment ideas

Term

 

 

 

Ptolemy

Definition

 

 

stated that Earth was center of the universe

Term

 

 

Francis Bacon

Definition

 

 

developed scientific method

Term

 

 

Declaration of Independence

Definition

 

 

contains ideas of John Locke

Term

 

 

Sun King who ruled

France for 72 years

Definition

 

 

Louis XIV

Term

 

 

North America

Definition

 

Where England's colonies are most.

Term

 

 

A major problem with Greek scientific theories.

Definition

 

 

theories based on observations rather

than on experiments

Term

 

 

Johannes Kepler

Definition

 

 

theorized that planets moved in oval paths

around the Sun

Term

 

 

Know the difference in views of Natural Law

between Thomas Hobbes and

John Locke

Definition

 

 

Hobbes believed people were naturally violent;

Locke believed people had natural rights

Term

 

 

 

Laissez-faire

Definition

 

 

Enlightenment idea advocating

separation of government

and the economy

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