Term
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Are there gender, age, or ethnicity differences among smokers?
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Definition
- men > women
- young people > older people
- smokers get hooked in adolescence
- College students smoke more than general population.
- Whites are greater than all.
Highest rate = Native Americans and Alaska Natives
Lowest rate= Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. |
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Term
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What are the factors influencing the use of alcohol?
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Definition
- behavioral dependence
- weight control
-tobacco advertising/ marketing |
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Term
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How has advertisement affected the use of tobacco?
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Definition
| - 90% of teens prefer top 3 most advertised brands (marlboro, camel, and newport) |
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Term
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Are there individual characteristics that influence the use of tobacco?
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Definition
- family use
-peer use
-single parent
- poor student
- blue- collar/ low-income homes |
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Term
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What are the 3 main substances in tobacco?
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Definition
1. TAR
2. carbon monoxide
3. nicotene |
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Term
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What are the carcinogens and poisons in tobacco?
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Definition
- 43 chemicals are carcinogens
- poisonous substances : arsenic, H+ cyanide
- carbon monoxide |
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Term
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What are the short term effects of tobacco use? Long term?
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Definition
Short Term:
- Stimulation/Sedation
- Damaged cilia
- Delivery of O2 to muscles
Long Term:
- Cancer
-Astma
-Infertility
-Emphysema
-Cardiovascular disease |
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Term
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What are the different effects on men and women?
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Definition
Men:
- Cancers of mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach
Women:
- Lung Cancer
-Heart Disease
- Fertility Problems
-Menstrual Problems |
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Term
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Are there any benefits to quitting smoking, or is it a lost cause?
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Definition
- Risk for health problems reduced.
- Health benefits begin immediately & grow more significant over time. |
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Term
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What are the treatment/quitting options?
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Definition
- Treatment programs
-Meds
-Quitting on your own- behavior change plan |
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Term
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What are the different types of ETS, and how are they related to health problems?
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Definition
ETS= Environmental Tobacco Smoke
- Second hand smoke or passive smoke
- Inhaling this smoke has serious health consequeneces.
- allergies
- 24-50% inc in lung cancer risk
- inc asthma attacks |
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Term
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What is a drug, drug of abuse, and substance?
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Definition
- Drug- substance that affects structure/function of body.
- Drug of abuse- medical drug used for non-medical purposes.
Substance- Drug of abuse, medication, or toxin |
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Term
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What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse?
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Definition
Drug Misuse- Use of drug for unprescribed reasons, or in larger doses.
Drug Abuse- Use of substance in amounts, situation, or manner that it causes problems. |
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Term
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What are the different routes of administration?
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Definition
- Oral
- Injection
- Inhalation
- Application to mucous membranes or skin |
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Term
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What characteristics of the person, drug, and situation influence drug effects?
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Definition
- Drug- dose/ time response, chemical properties
- Person- age, gender, weight, mood, expectations
-Situation- Environmental experience |
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Term
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How is drug dependence characterized?
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Definition
| - Strong craving for a drug an a compulsive use of the drug despite serious negative consequences. |
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Term
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Describe how drugs work on the pleasure and reward circuit of the brain to cause addiction.
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Definition
| - Cause surges in dopamine and associated feelings of pleasure. |
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Term
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What are the harm reduction strategies discussed in your book?
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Definition
- Needle exchange programs
- Drug substitute programs
- Controlled availability
-Medicalization
- Decriminalization |
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