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Chapter 1
Foundations of Human Movement
70
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
09/15/2012

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Term
Abduction
Definition
A movement away from the midline of the body.
Term
Absolute Refrence Frame
Definition
a reference frame in which the orgin is at the joint center
Term
Adduction
Definition
A movement towards the midline of the body
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
The standardized reference position used in the medical profession
Term
Anatomy
Definition
The science sturcture of the body
Term
Angular Motion
Definition
Motion around the axis of rotation in which diffrent regions of the same object do not move through the same distance
Term
Anterior
Definition
A position in front of a designated reference point
Term
Anteroposterior Axis
Definition
the axis through the center if mass of the body running from posterior to anterior
Term
Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
the bones if the extremities
Term
Axis 
Definition
the imaginary line of a refrence system along which position is measured
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
the bones of the head, neck, and trunk
Term
Axis of Rotation
Definition
The imaginary line about which an object rotates
Term
Biomechanics
Definition
The study of motion and the effect of forces on biological systems.
Term
Cardinal Planes
Definition
The plans of the body that intersect at the total body center of mass
Term
Circumducation
Definition
a movement that is a combination of flexion, adduction,extension, and abducation
Term
Contralateral
Definition
on the opposite side
Term
Degree of Freedom
Definition
the movement of the joint in a plane
Term
Depression
Definition
the lowering movement of a body part such as the scapula
Term
Distal
Definition
a position relatively far from a desinated reference
Term
Dorsal
Definition
a position behind a designated reference point
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
the motion in which the relative angle between the foot and the leg decreases
Term
Downward Rotation
Definition
the action whereby the scapula swings towards the midline of the body
Term
Dynamics
Definition
the branch of mechanics in which the system being studied undergoes acceleration
Term
Eversion
Definition
the movement in which the lateral border of the foot lifts so that the sole of the foot faces away from the midline of the body
Term
Extension
Definition
the action in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments gets larger
Term
Frontal(Coronal) Plane
Definition
the plane that bisects the body into front and bcak halves
Term
Fundamental Position
Definition
a standardized reference position similar to the anatomical position
Term
Functional Anatomy
Definition
the study of the body components needed to achieve a human movement of function.
Term
Horizontal Abduction
Definition
a combination of extension and abduction of the arms or thigh
Term
Horizontal Adduction
Definition
 a combination of flexion and adduction of the arm or thigh
Term
Hyperabducation
Definition
abducation movement beyond the normal range of abducation
Term
Hyperadductation
Definition
adductation movement beyond the normal range of adducation
Term
Hyperextension
Definition
extension movement beyond the normal range of extension
Term
Hyperflexion
Definition
Flextion movement goes beyond the normal range of flextion
Term
Inferior
Definition

a postion below a designated reference point

 

Term
Inversion
Definition
the movement in which the medial border of the foot lifts so that the sole of the foot faces away from the midline of the body
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
on the same side
Term
Kinematics
Definition
area of study that examines the spatial and temporal components of motion(position, velocity, acceleration)
Term
Kinesiology
Definition
study of human movement
Term
Kinetics
Definition
study of the forces that act on a system
Term
Lateral
Definition
a postion relatively far from the midline of the body
Term
Lateral Flexion
Definition
a flexion movement of the head and trunk
Term
Linear Motion
Definition
motion in a straight or curved line in which different regions of the same object move the same distance
Term
Longutudail Axis
Definition
the axis through the center of mass of the body running from top to bottom
Term
Medial 
Definition
a position relatively closer to the midline of the body
Term
Mediolateral Axis
Definition
the axis through the center of mass of the body running from right and left
Term
Movement or motion
Definition
a change in place, position, or posture occuring over time and relative to some point in the environment
Term
Origin
Definition
the intersection of axes of a reference system and the reference point from which measures are taken
Term
Plane of Motion
Definition
a 2-D surface running through an object. motion occurs in the plane or parallel to the plane
Term
Plantarflexion 
Definition
the motion in which the relative angle between the foot and the leg increases
Term
Posterior
Definition
a position behind a designated reference point
Term
Pronation
Definition
movement in which the front or ventral surface rotates to face downward, as seen the forearm and foot.
Term
Protraction
Definition
the motion describing the separating action of the scapula
Term
Proximal
Definition
a position relatively closer to a designated reference point
Term
Qualitative Analysis
Definition
a nonnumeric description or evaluation of movement based on direct observation
Term
Quantitative Analysis
Definition
a numeric description or evaluation of movement based on date collected during the performance of the movement
Term
Radial Flexion
Definition
the flextion of movement of the hand toward the forearm on the thumb side of the hand
Term
Reference System
Definition
a system to locate a point in space
Term
Relative Angle(Joint Angle) 
Definition
the included angle between two adjacent segments
Term
Relative Reference Frame
Definition
a reference frame in which the orgin is at the joint center and one of the axes is places along one of the segments
Term
Retraction
Definition
the motion describing the coming together action of the scapula
Term
Rotation
Definition
a movement about an axis of rotation in which not every point of the segment or body covers the same distance in the same time
Term
Sagittal Plane
Definition
the plance that bisects the bod into right and left sides
Term
Statics
Definition
a brance of mechanics in which the system being studied undergoes no acceleration
Term
Transeverse (horizontal) plane
Definition
the plane that bisects the body into top and bottom halves
Term
Superior
Definition
a position above a designated reference point
Term
Supination
Definition
movement in which the back or dorsal surface roates upward, as seen in the forearm and foot
Term
Ulnar Flexion
Definition
the flextion movement if the hand towards the forearm on the little finger side of the hand
Term
Upward Rotation
Definition
the action whereby the scapula seings out from the midline of the body
Term
Ventral
Definition
a postion in front of a desidnated reference point
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