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Chapter 1
Organization of the Body
40
Science
Undergraduate 1
05/25/2011

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Term
Acids
Definition
A Type of electrolyte that releases hydrogen ions in water.
Term
anabolism
Definition
The stage of metabolism in which substances such as nutrients are changed into more complex substances and used to build body tissues
Term
anatomical position
Definition
When the body is standing upright and facing forward with the arms at the side and the palms of the hands facing forward.
Term
anatomy
Definition
The scientific term for the study of body structure.
Term
anterior
Definition
Anatomical term meaning toward the front of the body; also called ventral.
Term
atoms
Definition
The simplest units of all matter and many are essential to life
Term
bases
Definition
Electrolytes that release hydroxyl ions in water.
Term
biochemistry
Definition
The study of matter and chemical reactions in the body.
Term
catabolism
Definition
The stage of metabolism in which complex substances, including nutrients and body tissues, are broken down into simpler substances and converted into energy.
Term
caudal
Definition
Anatomic term meaning below or closer to the feet; also called inferior.
Term
cells
Definition
Smallest living units in the body.
Term
chemistry
Definition
The study of what matter is made of and how it changes.
Term
compound
Definition
A substance that is formed when two or more atoms of more than one element are chemically combined.
Term
cranial
Definition
Anatomic term meaning above or closer to the head; also called superior.
Term
deep
Definition
More internal
Term
diaphragm
Definition
A muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Term
distal
Definition
Farther away from a point of attachment or from the trunk of the body
Term
dorsal
Definition
Anatomic term meaning toward the back of the body; also called Posterior.
Term
electrolytes
Definition
Substances that carry electrical current through the movement of ions.
Term
femoral
Definition
Relating to the femur or thigh.
Term
frontal
Definition
Anatomical term that refers to the plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. Also called coronal.
Term
inferior
Definition
Anatomic term meaning below or closer to the feet; also called caudal.
Term
ion
Definition
Positively or negatively charged particles.
Term
lateral
Definition
Farther away from the midline of the body.
Term
matter
Definition
Anything that takes up space and has weight
Term
medial
Definition
Close to the midline of the body.
Term
metabolism
Definition
The overall chemical functioning of the body, including all body processes that build small molecules into large ones (anabolism) and break down large molecules into small ones (catabolism).
Term
midsagittal
Definition
Anatomical term that refers to the plane that runs lengthwise down the midline of the body, dividing it into equal left and right halves.
Term
organ
Definition
Structure formed by the organization of two or more tissue types that carries out specific functions
Term
organ system
Definition
A system that consists of organs that join together to carry out vital functions
Term
organism
Definition
A whole living being that is formed from organ systems.
Term
physiology
Definition
The term used for the study of the function of the body's organs.
Term
posterior
Definition
Anatomic term meaning toward the back of the body; also called dorsal.
Term
proximal
Definition
Close to a point of attachment or to the trunk of the body.
Term
sagittal
Definition
An anatomic term that refers to the plane that divides the body into left and right portions.
Term
superficial
Definition
Close to the surface of the body.
Term
superior
Definition
Anatomic term meaning above or closer to the head; also called cranial.
Term
tissue
Definition
A structure that is formed when cells of the same type organize together.
Term
transverse
Definition
Anatomic term that refers to the plane that divides the body into superior and inferior positions.
Term
ventral
Definition
Anatomical term meaning toward the front of the body; also called anterior.
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