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Chapter 1
Terms
40
Religious Studies
11th Grade
03/16/2009

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Term
Materialism
Definition
The tendency to consider material possessions and comforts more important than spiritual matters. Or the philosophical position that nothing exists except matter and that there are no supernatural dimensions to life.
Term
Freud
Definition
Religion is a collective fantasy- god equals parent who protects, rewards or punishes for obedience or non-obedience. Religion is an illusion from people’s insecurity and neurotic guilt- resembles mental illness
Term
Durkheim
Definition
Definition or religion- unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things- beliefs and practices unite into one single moral community called a church- religious phenomena are symbols and reinforces of the social order
Term
Otto
Definition
The experience of the holy bring 2 general responses. 1st is a feeling of great awe or even dread and 2nd is a feeling of great attraction. This give rise to religious beliefs and behaviors.
Term
James
Definition
Once one has found purity or eternal self you see it everywhere “dull submission is left far behind and a mood of welcome… has taken its place
Term
Campbell/Heros Journey
Definition
Sacred myths of a group serve basic social purposes- Hero’s journey are stories of separation initiation and return bearing truth to the people- is a form of psychological instruction for individuals
Term
Profane/Sacred
Definition
Mircea Eliade- profane: the everyday world of seemingly random, ordinary, and unimportant occurrences. Sacred: the realm of the extraordinary and supernatural, the source of the universe and its values- religion opens the pathway to the sacred.
Term
Transpersonal
Definition
Referring to an infinite reality in contrast to the finite material world
Term
Dogma
Definition
A system of beliefs declared to be true by a religion
Term
Transcendent
Definition
Existing outside the material universe
Term
Inner/Outside issue
Definition
Term
non rational/rational
Definition
Rational- you can prove it. Non-Rational- based on faith and personal connection.
Term
Mysticism
Definition
The intuitive perception of spiritual truth beyond the limits of reason
Term
Ineffeble
Definition
It cannot be described
Term
Inscrutable
Definition
It cannot be known
Term
Saguna
Definition
God with characteristics
Term
Nirguna
Definition
God without characteristics
Term
immanent
Definition
In the world
Term
theistic/mono/poly
Definition
Theistic believing in God or gods. Polytheistic- Believing in many deities. Monotheistic- believing in a single God
Term
athesitic
Definition
Is the belief that there is no deity- there is no god or divine reality
Term
Agnostic
Definition
Is not the denial of the divine but not knowing if there is or is not a divine reality.
Term
Pagan
Definition
To demoralize religions we don’t like
Term
Pleuralsitic hypothesis
Definition
All religions are talking about the same thing but are talking about it in different ways
Term
Griffiths
Definition
Term
symbol/myth/ritual
Definition
Symbol- visible representation of an invisible reality or concept. Myth- a symbolic story expressing ideas about reality or spiritual history- tells a truth. Ritual- a repeated patterned religious act
Term
cosmogony
Definition
A model of the evolution of the universe
Term
eschatology
Definition
Beliefs about the end of the world and of humanity
Term
orthodox
Definition
Adhering to the established tradition of a religion
Term
absolutist
Definition
Someone who holds rigid, literal, exclusive beliefs in the doctrines of their religion
Term
fundamentalist
Definition
Insistence on what people perceive as the historical form of their religion in contrast to more contemporary influences. This sometimes takes extreme forms.
Term
liberal
Definition
Flexible in approach to religious tradition- inclined to see tradition as metaphorical rather than literal truth
Term
Heretic
Definition
A member of an established religion whose views are unacceptable to the orthodoxy
Term
Plato's influence
Definition
Made distinctions between what is perceived by the senses and what is accessible through reason. The soul was superior to the body and the activity of reason preferable to the distraction of the senses. Its underlying belief that all of nature had been created by God for the sake of humanity
Term
scholastisism
Definition
The church controlled the education such as having everything written in Latin
Term
Bacon-1620
Definition
Look at all of the evidence then make conclusions
Term
newton-1687
Definition
Space is eternal because it is the emanation of “eternal and immutable being” God exists everywhere containing, discerning and ruling all things. Many scientists regard findings as the work of a divine creator or ruler.
Term
Darwin-1859
Definition
Evolution by natural selection- genetic mutations give a competitive advantage over other of its species thus it’s lineage is more likely to survive .
Term
kant/constructavism
Definition
We filter everything so we can understand it
Term
phenomenology
Definition
An approach to the study of religions that involves appreciative investigation of religious phenomena to comprehend their meaning for their practitioners.
Term
huston smith:3 perspectives
Definition
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