Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chapter 1
Personality
56
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
01/30/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Individual Differences
Definition
Differences in personality form one person to another
Term
Intrapersonal functioning
Definition
Psychological process that take place within the person
Term
Parsimony
Definition
The quality of requiring few assumptions; simplicity
Term
Personality
Definition
A dynamic organization, inside the person, of psychophysical systems that create the person's character tics patterns of behaviour, thoughts and feelings
Term
Theory
Definition
A summary statement, a principle or set of principles about a class of events
Term
Case study
Definition
An in-depth study of one individual
Term
Causality
Definition
A relationship such that variation is one dimension produces variation in another
Term
Clinically significant
Definition
An association large enough to have some practical importance
Term
Descriptive statistics
Definition
Statistics used to describe or characterize some group
Term
Experience sampling
Definition
A method in which people report repeatedly on their current experiences
Term
Acquiesence
Definition
The response set of tending to say "yes" in response to any question
Term
Assessment
Definition
The measuring of personality
Term
Construct validity
Definition
The accuracy with which a measure reflects the underlying concept
Term
Criterion keying
Definition
The developing of a test by seeing which items distinguish between groups
Term
Discriminant validity
Definition
The degree to which a scale does not measure unintended qualities
Term
Empirical approach
Definition
The use of data instead of theory to decide what should go into a measure
Term
Error
Definition
Random influences that are incorporated in measurements
Term
Face validity
Definition
The scale "looks" as if it measures what it's suppose to measure
Term
Implicit assessment
Definition
Measuring associations between the sense of self and aspects of personality that are implicit (hard to introspect about)
Term
Internal reliability
Definition
Agreement among responses made to items of a measure
Term
Inventory
Definition
A personality test measuring several aspects of personality on distinct sub scales
Term
Observer ratings
Definition
An assessment in which someone else produces
Term
Operational definition
Definition
The defining of a concept by concrete events through which it's measured (or manipulated)
Term
Predictive validity
Definition
The degree to which the measure predicts other variables it should predict
Term
Rational Approach
Definition
The use of a theory to decide what you want to measure and then deciding how to measure it
Term
Social Desirability
Definition
The response set of tending oneself favourably
Term
Behavioural signature
Definition
The pattern of situation-behaviour links the person has established over experiences in some specific domain
Term
Diathesis-stress model
Definition
A theory holding that a vulnerability stress creates problems in behaviour
Term
Factor
Definition
A dimension that underlies a set of interrelated measures, such as items on a self-report inventory
Term
Factor Analysis
Definition
A statistical procedure used to find basic dimensions underlying a set of measures
Term
Factor loading
Definition
A correlation between a single measure and the factor to which it's being related
Term
Idiographic
Definition
Pertaining to an approach that focuses on an individual person's uniqueness
Term
Interactionism
Definition
The idea that situations and personality interact to determine behaviour
Term
Interpersonal circle
Definition
Personality patterns deriving from varying levels of dominance and love
Term
Introvert
Definition
A person who prefers solitary activities
Term
Lexical criterion
Definition
An index of the importance of trait based on the number of words that refer to it
Term
Nomothetic
Definition
Pertaining to an approach that focuses on norms and on variations among persons
Term
Second-order factor
Definition
A factor that emerges from a factor analysis performed on a set pod previously found factors
Term
Situationism
Definition
The idea that situations are the primary determinants of behaviour
Term
Traits
Definition
Continuous dimensions of personality on witch people vary
Term
Types
Definition
Distinct and discontinuous categories of persons
Term
Apperception
Definition
The projecting of a motive onto an ambiguous external stimulus via imagery
Term
Diagnosticity
Definition
The extent to witch a task provides information about something
Term
Implicit motive
Definition
A motive assessed indirectly because it's relativity inaccessible to consciousness
Term
Incentive
Definition
The degree to which an action can satisfy a particular need for a person
Term
Inhibited power motivation
Definition
The condition of having more need for power than for affiliation but restraining its use
Term
Motive
Definition
Cognitive-affective clusters organized around readiness for a particular kind of experience
Term
Motive disposition
Definition
The dispositional tendency toward a high or low level of some motive
Term
Need
Definition
An unsatisfactory internal condition that motivates behaviour
Term
Need for achievement
Definition
The need to overcome obstacles and attain goals
Term
Need for affiliation
Definition
The need to form and maintain relationships and to be with people
Term
Need for intimacy
Definition
The need for close communication and sharing with someone else
Term
Need for power
Definition
The need to have influence over other people
Term
Personology
Definition
Study of the entire person
Term
Picture story exercise
Definition
That creepy old lady and young girl, you tell a story about it, it's suppose to project your true personality based on the story
Term
Press
Definition
An external stimulus that increases level of a motive
Supporting users have an ad free experience!