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Chapter 11 Vocab: Genetics
This is a study set of vocabulary words from chapter 11.
26
Biology
9th Grade
04/11/2012

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Term
Alleles
Definition
Different forms of a gene
Term
Codominance
Definition
When both alleles contibute to the phenotype of the organisim
Term
Crossing-Over
Definition
The exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes, to produce new combonatoins of alleles
Term
Diploid
Definition
cells that contain both sets of homologus chrmosomes
Term
Dominate Allele
Definition

an allele that produces the same phenotype whether it is paired allele is identical or different

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Term
Gametes
Definition
Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
Term
Genes
Definition
Chemical factors that determine traits [image]
Term
Genotype
Definition

Genetic makeup

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Term
Haploid
Definition

a cell with a single set of chromosomes and genes

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Term
Heterozygous
Definition
having two different alleles for the same trait
Term
Homozygous
Definition
organisms that contain two identical alleles for a particular trait
Term
Homologous
Definition
term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent
Term
Hybrids
Definition

The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

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Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
Cases wher an allele is not completely dominant over another
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
genes of different traits can segregate independently during the formation of genes
Term
Meiosis
Definition

a process of reduction division inwhich the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

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Term
Multiple Alleles
Definition
Where some alleles are neither dominant or recessive,and many traits are controlled by multiple genes. (More than two Alleles)
Term
Phenotype
Definition

Physical Characteristics

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Term
Polygenetic Traits
Definition
Traits controlled by two or more genes (Means, "Having many Genes")
Term
Probability
Definition
The likelyhood that a certain event will take place
Term
Punnett Square
Definition

A diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.

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Term
Recessive Allele
Definition

An organisim will have this form of the trait when the dominant allele is not present.

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Term
Segregation
Definition
Seperation of alleles
Term
Tetrad
Definition
a structure formed during prophase in meiosis I in which each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologus chromosome
Term
Trait
Definition
The specific characteristics that varies one individual from another.
Term
True-Breeding
Definition

the ability to produce offspring identical to the producer

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