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| Any of the muscular elastic tubes that form a branching system and that carry blood away from the heart to the cells, tissues, and organs of the body. |
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| a minute artery that transports blood from the heart to the body tissues |
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| The capillaries of the blood system considered collectively with their volume capacity. |
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| the amount of blood pumped out by ach side of the heart in 1 minute |
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| a condition in which the heart is worn out due to age, hypertensive heart disease, or othe patholigical process, the heart pumps weakly |
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| Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per unit of time, typically expressed as beats per minute (bpm). Heart rate can vary as the body's need to absorb oxygen and excrete carbon dioxide changes, such as during exercise or sleep. |
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| Microcirculation deals with the circulation of blood from the heart to arterioles (small arteries), to capillaries, to venules (small veins) and back to the heart. |
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| That portion of the blood circulation immediately downstream of the capillary network |
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| The precapillary sphincter is a band of smooth muscle that adjusts the blood flow into each capillary |
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| a leakage of fluid into the air sacs and tissue of the lungs |
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| Pulmonary embolism is blockage in one or more arteries in your lungs. In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by blood clots that travel to your lungs from another part of your body — most commonly, your legs. Pulmonary embolism is a complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which is clotting in the veins farthest from the surface of the body. |
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| the volume of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each heartbeat |
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| an arteriole that divides into capillaries |
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| inflammation of a vein that results when a clot forms in a vessel with poor circulation |
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| the outermost coat of the blood vessel; composed largely of fibrous connective tissue; supports and protects the vessels |
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| lines the inside of the blood vessels; decreases friction as blood flows through the vessel lumen |
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| the bulky, middle coat of the blood vessels, smooth muscle and elastic fibers; active in changing the diameter of the vessels; as constriction or dialation occurs, blood pressure increases and decreases |
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A heart valve normally allows blood flow in only one direction through the heart. The four valves commonly represented in a mammalian heart determine the pathway of blood flow through the heart. A heart valve opens or closes incumbent upon differential pressure on each side.[1][2][3]
The four valves in the heart are:[4]
The two atrioventricular (AV) valves, which are between the atria and the ventricles, are the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve.
The two semilunar (SL) valves, which are in the arteries leaving the heart, are the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve. |
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| veins that become twisted or dilated due to the pooling of blood in the feet and legs and inefficient venous return resulting from inactivity or pressure in the veins. |
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| a vessel that directly connects the arteriole and venule at opposite ends of the capilaary bed. |
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| a system comprised of the arteries, aerioles, capillary beds, venules, and veins that circulates blood inside the blood vessels; closed transport system |
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Veins are similar to arteries but, because they transport blood at a lower pressure, they are not as strong as arteries. Like arteries, veins have three layers: an outer layer of tissue, muscle in the middle, and a smooth inner layer of epithelial cells. However, the layers are thinner, containing less tissue.
Veins receive blood from the capillaries after the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide has taken place. Therefore, the veins transport waste-rich blood back to the lungs and heart. |
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| small blood vessels that merge with the veins and return blood from other tissues to the heart |
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