Term
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Definition
| Nitrogen base triplet on t-RNA; complements codon of mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
During translation CODON of mRNA is read 3 nitrogen bases at a time.
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Term
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Definition
| START codon that begins TRANSLATION; codes for METHIONINE |
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Term
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Definition
| Stop codons; cause TERMINATION of translation |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when STOP CODONS are reached; ribosome + polypeptide separate |
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Term
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Definition
| END PRODUCT of translation (small chain of amino acids) |
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Term
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Definition
| End product of TRANSCRIPTION; modified and shortened → mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Organelle translates mRNA → POLYPEPTIDE |
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Term
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Definition
Single strand messenger molecule from nucleus → cytoplasm (codons) |
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Term
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Definition
| ENZYME: converts DNA → mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Single-strand of DNA that is copied during TRANSCRIPTION |
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Term
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Definition
CYTOPLASMIC process; converts mRNA → polypeptide chain |
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Term
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Definition
| Precedes translation: (1)Ribosome binds to mRNA; (2) AA-t-RNA to Ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| ENZYME activates and transfer AMINO ACIDS to specific t-RNAs |
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Term
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Definition
| NUCLEAR process; converts DNA → mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Shifting of AA-tRNA from the A site to the P site of a RIBOSOME |
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Term
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Definition
| More CODONS (64) than there are AMINO ACIDS (20) |
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Term
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Definition
| Each CODON codes for more than one AMINO ACID |
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Term
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Definition
| Translation SHIFTS DOWN 3 bases to new TRIPLET codon on A site |
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Term
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Definition
| Name for NUCLEIC acid message on mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Translation begins BEFORE transcription is finished (bacteria) |
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Term
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Definition
| Polypeptide chain LENGTHENS during translation |
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Term
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Definition
| Each amino acid must be ENERGIZED before binding to t-RNA |
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Term
| Marshall Nirenberg (1961) |
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Definition
| Geneticist; deciphered GENETIC CODE for all AMINO ACIDS (1960s) |
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Term
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Definition
| TRIPLET codon (eg. UUU) in all species codes for same amino acid (phe) |
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