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| an unlearned behavior that follows a fixed pattern in all members of the species. |
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| The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive,such as hunger or thirst) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need |
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| How do drives and needs relate to one another? |
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| A need is food and water, drive is hunger/thirst, and we have a need to reduce the driver by eating and drinking. |
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A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of blood chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.
Homeostasis (the body’s thermostat)-Sweat/Shiver |
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| How does arousal affect performance? |
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| Too high arousal is bad and too low is bad, we perform our best at a medium level. |
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| How does the presence of others affect arousal? |
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Easy Task + Presence of Others= Do Better
Hard Task + Presnece of Others= Do Worst |
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freely chosen and is inherent in the activity
Intrinsic motivation comes from within you. -Participating in a sport because you find the activity enjoyable
-Solving a word puzzle because you find the challenge fun and interesting
-Playing a game because you find it exciting |
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coerced by an external incentive, such as praise, money, or good grades
Studying because you want to get a good grade |
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(I’m sad because I’m crying)
-Physiological reaction leads to labeling of emotion
-Biological arousal/response cause the emotion |
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(arousal and emotion are simultaneous)
-Physiological reaction and emotion occur at same time
-Independently, not together, neither are causing the other. |
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| Schacter-Singer(Schachter 2 factor) |
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Definition
(emotion is a result of arousal and a cognitive label)
-Physical arousal AND labeling based on environmental cues occur before emotion
-Emotion(The people)/Cognitive Label(Drug) |
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| How does culture affect non-verbal communication? |
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| Hand Gestures vary around the world and facial expressions tend to stay the same but can easily vary with the same muscles being used. |
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| What are some factors that seem to affect levels of aggression? |
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-There is no one spot in the brain that controls agression.
-Biological influences: Amygdala and genes
-Biochemical influences: Testosterone and alcohol
-Frustration+anger=Aggression
-Environment
-Poor Self-Control
-Media
-Video Games |
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| emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges. |
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| 2.Shelter and Predictability(A need to feel that the world is organized and predictable |
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| Belongingness and love needs |
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| 3.Need to Love and be loved, To belong and be accepted:Need to avoid loneliness and alienation |
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| Need for self-4.Esteem,achievement,competence,and independence; need for recognition and respect from others. |
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| 5.(achieving potential) Need to live up to one's fullest and unique potential. |
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