Term
| name of austrian monk who worked with peas and discovered patterns of inheritance? |
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Definition
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Term
| mendel's laws are compatible with what? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the significance of mendel's laws? |
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Definition
1. proved that various combinations of traits are tested by the environment
2. combinations that lead to reproductive successes are the ones that are passed on |
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Term
| what plant did gregor mendel work with? |
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Definition
| the garden pea, Pisum sativa |
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Term
| in mandel's expirements, what are the original parent generation called? |
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Definition
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Term
| in mandel's experiments, what is the first-generation offspring called? |
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Definition
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Term
| in mandel's experiments, what is the second-generation offspring called? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a punnett square? |
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Definition
| shows all possible combinations of egg and sperm offspring may inherit |
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Term
| when mendel crossed tall pea plants with short pea plants, where all F1 generation members tall? |
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Definition
| yes, all F1 members were tall even though they were created from the P generation that were both tall and short |
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Term
| when mendel's all-tall F1 generation was allowed to self-pollinate, were the F2 generation members all tall as well? |
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Definition
| no, despite the all-tall F1 generation, they still passed on shortness from the P generation = F2 were 3/4 tall and 1/4 short |
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Term
| what were the conclusions of mendel's pea experiments? |
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Definition
1. if a parent w/ dominant phenotype has only 1 dominant factor, the results among the offspring are 1:1
2. if a parent w/ dominant phenotypes has 2 dominant factors, all offsprings have the dominant phenotype |
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Term
| what is mendel's first law of inheritance? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the law of segregation state? |
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Definition
1. each individual has 2 factors for each trait
2. the factors are separate during formation of gametes
3. each gamete contains only 1 factor from each pair
4. fertilization gives each new individual 2 factors for each trait |
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Term
meiosis or mitosis?:
explains mendel's law of segreation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| alternative forms of a gene |
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Term
| what does a dominant allele do? |
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Definition
| a dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele |
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Term
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Definition
| alleles occur on homologous chromosomes at a location called the gene locus |
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Term
genotype or phenotype?:
physical appearance of an individual |
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Definition
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Term
genotype or phenotype?:
mostly determined by the other |
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Definition
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Term
genotype or phenotype?:
alleles individual recieves at fertilization |
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Definition
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Term
genotype or phenotype?:
can be homozygous and heterozygous |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what is mendel's second law? |
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Definition
| law of independent assortment |
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Term
| what does the law of independence state? |
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Definition
1. each pair of factors segregates independently of the other pairs
2. all possible combinations of factors can occur in the gametes |
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Term
| what is incomplete dominance? |
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Definition
| when a heterozygote has intermediate phenotype |
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Term
| what is an example in human hair of incomplete dominance? |
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Definition
| wavy hair (intermediate between curly and straight hair) |
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Term
true or false:
temperature can affect the color coat of a rabbit's offspring. |
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Definition
| true, rabbits can have black fur when temp is low |
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Term
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Definition
| single genes have more than one effect (i.e. Marfan syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
polygenic traits subject to
environmental effects |
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Term
true or false:
all eggs contain an X |
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Definition
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Term
true or false:
all sperm contain either an X or a Y |
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Definition
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Term
true or false:
Y is much larger than X and carries more genes |
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Definition
| false- X is much larger than Y and carries more genes |
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Term
true or false:
males always receive X from female parent and Y from male parent. |
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Definition
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Term
true or false:
Y chromosomes carry alleles for X-linked traits. |
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Definition
false-
Y chromosomes DO NOT carry alleles for X-linked traits |
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Term
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Definition
| female who carries an X-linked trait but does not express it |
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Term
| the closer 2 genes are on a chromosome, the less likely they are to _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| the % of recombinant phenotypes (crossing-over) can be used to determine the distance between genes. so, 1% crossing-over = ___ map unit. |
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Definition
| 1% crossing-over = 1 map unit |
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Term
| if 6% of offspring are recombinant (crossing-over), then the genes are how many map units apart? |
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Definition
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