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Chapter 10
Chapter 10 Key Terms & Concepts
19
Criminology
12th Grade
06/30/2011

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Cards

Term
Angle of Impact
Definition
The acute angle formed between the path of a blood drop and the surface that it contacts.
Term
Area of Convergence
Definition
The area on a two-dimensional plane where lines traced through the long axis of several individual bloodstains meet. This approximates the two-dimensional place from which the bloodstains were projected.
Term
Area of Origin
Definition
The location in three-dimensional space that blood that produced a bloodstain originated from. The location of the area of convergence and the angle of impact for each bloodstain is used to approximate this area.
Term
Arterial Spray
Definition
A characteristic bloodstain pattern containing spurts that resulted from blood exiting under pressure from an arterial injury.
Term
Back Spatter
Definition
Blood directed back toward the source of the force that caused the spatter.
Term
Cast-Off
Definition
A bloodstain pattern that is created when blood is flung from a blood-bearing object in motion onto a surface.
Term
Drip Trail Pattern
Definition
A pattern of bloodstains formed by the dripping of blood off a moving surface or person in a recognizable pathway separate from other patterns.
Term
Expirated Blood Pattern
Definition
A pattern created by blood that is expelled out of the nose, mouth, or respiratory system as a result of air pressure and/or airflow.
Term
Flow Pattern
Definition
A bloodstain pattern formed by the movement of small or large amounts of blood as a result of gravity's pull.
Term
Forward Spatter
Definition
Blood that travels away from the source in the same direction as the force that caused the spatter.
Term
High-Velocity Spatter
Definition
An impact spatter pattern created by a force traveling at 100 feet per second or faster and producing droplets with diameters less than 1 millimeter.
Term
Impact Spatter
Definition
A bloodstain pattern produced when an object makes forceful contact with a source of blood, projecting droplets of blood outward from the source.
Term
Low-Velocity Spatter
Definition
An impact spatter pattern created by a force traveling at 5 feet per second or less and producing droplets with diamters greater than 3 millimeters.
Term
Medium-Velocity Spatter
Definition
An impact spatter pattern created by a force traveling at 5 to 25 feet per second and producing droplets with diameters between 1 and 3 millimeters.
Term
Reconstruction
Definition
The method used to support a likely sequence of events at a crime scene by the observation and evaluation of physical evidence and statements made by individuals involved with the incident.
Term
Satellite Spatter
Definition
Small droplets of blood that are distributed around the perimeter of a drop or pool of blood and were produced as a result of the blood impacting the target surface.
Term
Skeletonization
Definition
The process by which the edges of a stain dry to the surface in a specific period of time (dependent on environmental and surface conditions). Skeletonization will remain apparent even after the rest of the bloodstain has been disturbed from its original position.
Term
Transfer Pattern
Definition
A bloodstain pattern created when a surface that carries wet blood comes in contact with a second surface. Recognizable imprints of all or a portion of the original surface or the direction of movement may be observed.
Term
Void
Definition
An area within a deposited spatter pattern that is clear of spatter, caused by an object or person blocking the area at the time of the sptter's deposition.
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