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Inability to move
Caused by disability |
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Fibrous CT outside the whole muscle
Holds muscle of similar function together (abs) |
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| Surrounds muscle under the fascia |
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| Groups of skeletal muscle fibers (10-100) |
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Joins the frontalis and occipitalis muscles to form the occipitofrontalis
(Think of Fusion cards) |
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| A neurotransmitter (ACh) signals motor neurons to stimulate movement |
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Definition
Plasma membrane of muscle fiber
On the outside holding the sarcoplasm |
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| Folded part of sarcolemma where the motor neuron ends |
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| Initiates action potential as an electrolyte |
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| The role of acetylcholine |
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Definition
Crosses the synaptic cleft for muscle stimulation as a neurotransmitter
Breaks down into acetic acid and choline |
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| If acetylcholine never broke down, what would happen? |
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Definition
| The muscle would keep contracting |
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Definition
Sits under the sarcolemma
Contains a lot of glycogen for the formation of ATP |
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| Tubes connecting the sarcolemma to the inside of the cell |
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Network of tubules holding Calcium
Continuously pumping Ca out of the sarcoplasm and storing it |
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Definition
T-Tubule with sarcoplasmic reticulum on either side
Allows the signal to be transmitted to the muscle for contraction |
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Contraction proteins
Spans the entire length of the muscle fiber
1000s per muscle fiber |
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Where muscle contraction occurs
Specific segment of a myofibril
Basic functional unit of a skeletal muscle fiber |
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Definition
Plate where thin filaments anchor
Middle of all the thin filaments
Sarcomeres are in between each Z disc |
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| Middle of all the thick filaments |
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Entire length of the thick filaments
Never changes size, even during muscle contraction |
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Length of thick filaments when they are not overlapped by the thin filaments
Gets smaller when the muscle contracts
Does not overlap thin filaments |
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Definition
Length of thin filaments that are not overlapped by the thick filaments
Also gets smaller when the muscle contracts
Does not overlap thick filaments |
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Definition
| Generate force during contraction |
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Definition
Turn the contraction on or off
Cover the active sites of actin when it is at rest so that myosin cannot attach |
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| Keep the contractile proteins in proper alignment |
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Made of thin filaments
Resembles a "string of pearls" |
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Made of thick filaments
Resembles a cluster of "golf clubs" |
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Covers the active sites
Long protein |
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Holds tropomyosin in place
Small protein |
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Makes the myofibril stretchy
Extends from the Z-discs |
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| Muscle contraction occurs when ______ filaments slide over ______ filaments |
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Definition
Thin
Thick
*The sarcomere shortens* |
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Definition
| When myosin binds to actin |
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Definition
Stiffness after death caused by a lack of ATP binding on actin for it to let go of myosin
Lasts roughly 10-12 hours |
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| When myosin cross-bridges rotate towards the center of the sarcomere |
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| Aerobic cellular respiration produces how many molecules of ATP? |
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Definition
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| Oxygen storage in muscles |
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Consists of a motor neuron and every single muscle fiber it stimulates
All muscle fibers are the same type
One motor neuron can go to 4, another motor neuron can go to 1000 |
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| The fewer muscle fibers supplied by an individual motor unit, the more _______ the movements can be |
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| Muscle fibers cannot partially contract |
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| Red muscle fibers (dark meat) |
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Good for anaerobic cellular respiration
Low blood supply |
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Small, least powerful
Used for endurance |
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| Fast oxidative-glycolytic fibres |
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Intermediate size
Used for walking |
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| White muscle fibres (white meat) |
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High myoglobin
High mitochondria
High blood supply |
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Large, most powerful fiber type
Used for sprinting and other intense aerobic activity |
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