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Chapter 10
Intelligence
22
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/01/2012

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Term
Intelligence
Definition
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Term
General intelligence (g)
Definition
According to Spearman is a general intelligence factor that underlies each of the more specific mental abilities identified through factor analysis
Term
Factor Analysis
Definition
Statistical procedure that identifies factors that define a common ability, Clusters include verbal intelligence, spatial ability, and reasoning ability factors
Term
Savant Syndrom
Definition
Low intelligence scores yet possess one exceptional ability, ie. music or drawing
Term
IQ
Definition
Mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100
Term
Achievement tests
Definition
Measure current knowledge
Term
Aptitude Test
Definition
Predict future performance and capacity to learn new information
Term
Standardization
Definition
Defining meaningful scores by comparison with a pretested standardized group
Term
Reliability
Definition
The extent to which the test yields consistent results
Term
Validity
Definition
The extent to which the test measures what its supposed to
Term
Mental retardation
Definition
IQ below 70 and difficulty adapting to normal demands of independent living, also called intellectual disability
Term
Stereotype threat
Definition
when a person is concerned they will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype and is followed by lower performance
Term
Gardner
Definition
Multiple intelligences (8) musical, logical, linguistic, spatial (artist), bodily kinesthetic (dancer), intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist
Term
Triarchic theory
Definition
Analytical, creative, and practical. Designed by Sternberg
Term
Anders Ericsson
Definition
Believes in a 10-year rule, after practicing something daily for ten years you will become an expert
Term
Sternberg's five components of creativity
Definition
expertise, imaginative thinking skills, a venturesome personality,intrinsic motivation, and a creative environment
Term
Convergent thinking
Definition
Intelligence tests require this b.c there is only one right answer, linked to the left parietal lobe
Term
Divergent thinking
Definition
multiple correct answers, creativity tests require this
Term
Crystallized intelligence
Definition
knowledge gathered from past experiences
Term
Fluid intelligence
Definition
the ability to think abstractly and solve problems
Term
Thurstone's primary mental abilities
Definition
intelligence can be broken down into 7 different factors: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, and memory. A single g score is not as informative. Criticism: are these intelligences or talents?
Term
eugenics
Definition
program for the selective breeding of the most intelligent individuals
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