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Chapter 10
Family Law
62
Law
11th Grade
02/01/2011

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Term
abandonment
Definition
Act of relinquishing with no intention to reclaim.
Term
adopt
Definition
Take by choice; accept formally; take a child as one's own.
Term
adoption
Definition
Act of adopting.
Term
adult adoption
Definition
The adoption of a person who is no longer a minor.
Term
adultery
Definition
Sexual intercourse between a married person and one other than his or her spouse.
Term
adversary proceeding
Definition
One having opposing parties. A contested action; having opposing interests.
Term
agency adoption
Definition
When one or both of the natural parents have released the child for adoption by signing a form provided by the agency.
Term
alimony
Definition
Term for money paid by one spouse for the support of the other after legal separation or dissolution.
Term
annulment
Definition
The act of making void.
Term
bigamy
Definition
The crime of contracting a marriage by one whose previous marriage is still in force.
Term
bill of divorcement
Definition
A formal declaration of divorce.
Term
certificate of adoption
Definition
The final legal document filed in an adoption.
Term
common-law marriage
Definition
A legally-recognized marriage that has not been sanctioned by the formality of a legal license.
Term
community property
Definition
Property held jointly by a husband and wife.
Term
complaint for divorce
Definition
The first legal paper or pleading filed in a divorce action that is a adversary action.
Term
conservator
Definition
A person who is legally responsible to conserve or protect one who, for reasons of age or infirmity, is unable to manage his or her own property or affairs.
Term
date adoption
Definition
The final legal paper filed granting an adoption.
Term
desertion
Definition
To forsake, to abandon, to leave with no intention of returning.
Term
dissolution
Definition
The term used for divorce under California law.
Term
divorce
Definition
Legal dissolution of the marriage ties.
Term
grounds for divorce
Definition
The foundation, basis, or points relied on for requesting a divorce.
Term
guardian ad litem
Definition
A Latin term for a guardian who is appointed by the court to take charge of another person's interests during a lawsuit involving that person.
Term
guardian of the estate
Definition
A special guardian with limited powers with respect to a person's estate.
Term
guardian of the person
Definition
A special guardian with limited powers with respect to the person, but not the estate.
Term
guardianship
Definition
Legal responsibility established to protect the property of minors and others who are unable to administer their affairs.
Term
incompatibility
Definition
The inablity of two people to live together in marriage; the quality or state of being incompatible.
Term
incompetent
Definition
One who is incapable of managing his or her own affairs because of insanity, feeble-mindedness, or a similar condition.
Term
incurable insanity
Definition
One of the two grounds in California for dissolution or legal separation.
Term
independent adoption
Definition
The act of placing a child with adopting parents where no adoption agency is involved.
Term
irreconcilable differences
Definition
Differences between husband and wife that are not reconcilable; one ground for dissolution or legal separation in California.
Term
irremediable breakdown
Definition
Marital relations that cannot be remedied, resstablished, or mended.
Term
intercountry adoption
Definition
The adoption of a foreign-born child for whom federal law makes a special immigration visa available.
Term
judgment of dissolution
Definition
The act of revoking or canceling of a contract and restoring each party to their original rights.
Term
legal separation
Definition
Court decree establishing the right of a married couple to live apart without divorce or dissolution.
Term
letters of conservatorship
Definition
Court papers designating the conservator.
Term
letters of guardianship
Definition
Court papers designating the guardianship.
Term
marital settlement agreement
Definition
An agreement between the parties providing for the disposition and distribution of their community property, custody of children, payment of attorney fees and court costs, and allowance of one party to the other for support and maintenance.
Term
nullity
Definition
A proceeding to declare a marriage void from its inception. The nullity is final upon the granting of the judgment of nullity.
Term
order to show cause (OSC)
Definition
An order requiring husband or wife to appear for examination pertaining to the granting of spousal support, support and maintenance of children, attorney fees, restraining orders, and court fees.
Term
petition
Definition
The document filed to commence an action for dissolution, nullity, or legal separation in California.
Term
petition for adoption
Definition
The first legal paper filed in adoption proceedings.
Term
Petition for Appointment of Guardian
Definition
A legal paper requesting the court to appoint someone who is responsible for the general control and care of another.
Term
petition for divorce
Definition
The first legal paper or petition filed in a divorce action that is not adversary.
Term
petitioner
Definition
The party who initiates the proceeding for dissolution of marriage in California.
Term
polygamous
Definition
Involving polygamy.
Term
polygamy
Definition
The offense of having several spouses at the same time.
Term
prenuptial agreement
Definition
A signed agreement beetween two parties before marriage as to the conditions of that marriage.
Term
quasi-community property
Definition
Property acquired in another state by husband or wife as it were community property; resembling community property.
Term
residence
Definition
Act or fact of residing; place where one lives.
Term
respondent
Definition
A defendant in an action under California's Family Law Act.
Term
restraining order
Definition
An order of the court preventing the one named from doing a certain thing.
Term
separate property
Definition
Property owned by a husband or wife that is not community property; property acquired by either spouse prior to marriage or by gift or inheritance after marriage or aquired after the date of separation.
Term
spousal support
Definition
Court-ordered payments to the spouse.
Term
stepparent adoption
Definition
The adoption of a child by a stepparent that provides the child with all the privileges and rights of a natural child.
Term
support
Definition
Court-ordered payments made by either party of a marriage for the support and maintenance of the children of that marriage.
Term
surrogate
Definition
A person who takes the place of or represents another.
Term
temporary restraining order
Definition
Sometimes included with an OSC to restrain someone from doing something (harassing, prevent one from removing money from bank account)
Term
testamentary guardian
Definition
One appointed by the deed or last will of the parents of a chld.
Term
valid marriage
Definition
A marriage that can be dissolved only by death or judgment of dissolution.
Term
void marriage
Definition
A marriage that is void from the beginning and can never become a valid marriage.
Term
voidable marriage
Definition
A marriage that may be declared a nullity by a proceeding brought on voidable grounds. If a voidable marriage is not declared a nullity within a specified time, it becomes valid and can only be dissolved by a judgment of dissolution.
Term
ward
Definition
The minor in a guardianship relationship.
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