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Chapter 10-2 Vocabulary
The Skeletal System
16
Science
Not Applicable
01/31/2006

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Term
bone
Definition
a component of the skeletal system that provides support for the body and protects internal structures
Term
periosteum
Definition
the dense fiberous material that covers the surface of bones except at the joints serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons
Term
periosteum
Definition
the dense fiberous material that covers the surface of bones except at the joints serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons
Term
marrow
Definition
a soft connective tissue found in the spaces of the spongy bone
Term
spongy bone
Definition
founsd at the ends of the bone, has many small spaces but is hard, lightweight, and strong
Term
compact bone
Definition
layer of bone beneath the membrane that is dense but not solid; small canals carrying nerves and blood vessels run through this layer
Term
cartilage
Definition
a connective tissue that is more flexible than bone; made up much of your skeleton as an infant but as you grew it was replaced with hard bone
Term
joint
Definition
a place in the body where two bones come together; can be immovable (skull) or moveable (knee)
Term
hinge joint
Definition
a moveable joint that is similar to the hinges on a door; allows extesive forward or backward motion (ex: knee, elbow)
Term
ball and socket joint
Definition
allow the greatest range of motion (shoulders, hips) allows you to swing freely in a circle
Term
fixed joint
Definition
a.k.a. "immovable joint" - bone connections that allow little or no movement, such as the joints connecting the various parts of the skull and those connecting your ribs to your sternum.
Term
gliding joint
Definition
allows one bone to slide over another (wrists, ankles)
Term
pivot joint
Definition
allows one bone to rotate around another (neck)
Term
long bones
Definition
a bone such as the femur with a long sylindrical shaft containing compact bone and marrow
Term
short bones
Definition
a bone whose dimensions are approximately equal, consisting of a layer of cortical substance enclosing the spongy substance and marrow, such as the bones in your fingers and toes
Term
flat bones
Definition
a bone having a thin, flattened shape (such as the scapula, skull, jaw, pelvis, or ribs)
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