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a two-dimensional or flat-scale model of the Earth's surface, or a portion of it |
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a specific point of Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic |
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an area of Earth distinguished by a distinctive combination of cultural and physical features |
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the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and the Earth as a whole |
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the physical gap or interval between two objects |
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relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space |
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a map that shows the entire area of the globe, or a large portion of it. |
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a map that shows a small portion of the Earth's surface in great detail |
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the scientific method of transferring locations on Earth's surface to a flat map |
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a square 6 miles on each side |
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the north-south lines separating townships |
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the ease-west lines separating townships |
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portions of a township, each of which is 1 mile long and 1 mile wide |
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Geographic Information System (GIS) |
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a computer system that can capture, store, quesry, analyze, and display geographic data |
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the acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting Earth or fromother long-distance methods |
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Global Positioning System (GPS) |
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a system that accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth |
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the position that something occupies on the Earth's surfact |
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the name given to a place on Earth |
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the physical character of a place |
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the location of a place relative to other places |
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an arc drawn between the north and south poles |
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a circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians |
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a numbering system that identifies the location of each meridian on Earth's surface |
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the meridian that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England, at 0 degrees longitude |
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the numbering system to indicate the location of a parallel |
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the parallel with the largest circumference, where every day has exactly 12 hours of sunlight |
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Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) |
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Also known as Universal Time (UT) it is the master time reference for all points on Earth. |
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the meridian that is opposite the Prime Meridian, which for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude |
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a combination of cultural features such as language and religion, economic features such as agriculture and industry, and physical features such as climate and vegetation |
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the contemporary cultural lanndscape approach in geography |
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an area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics |
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an area organized around a node or focal point that is defined by a characteristic that dominates at a central focus or node and diminishes in importance outward |
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also known as a perceptual region a place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity |
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an internal representation of the Earth's surface |
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that body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people |
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the grographic ctudy of human-environment relationships |
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environmental determinism |
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an approach on how the physical environment caused social development |
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the idea that the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment |
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substances that are useful to people, economically and technologically feasible to access, and socially acceptable to use |
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a piece of land created by draining water from an area |
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a force or process that incolces the entire world and results in making something worldwide in scope |
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transnational corporation |
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a corporation that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters and principal shareholders are located |
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the arrangement of a geature in space |
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the frequency in which something ovvurs in space |
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the extent of a feature's spread over space |
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the total number of objects in an area |
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the number of persons per unit of area suitable for agriculture |
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the number of farmers per unit area of farmland |
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objects in an area that are close together |
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objects that are relatively far apart |
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the geometric arrangement of objects in space |
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describes the reduction in the time it takes for something to reach another place |
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occurs when places are connected to each other through a network |
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a phenomenon in which contact diminishes with increasing distance and eventually disappears |
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the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another over time |
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the place from which an innocation originates |
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the spread of an idea through the movement of people |
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the spread of a feature from one place to another in a snowballing process |
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the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places |
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the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic thoughout the population |
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the spread of an underlying principle, even though a character itself apparently fails to diffuse |
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the increasing gap in economic conditions between regions in the core and periphery that results from the globalization of the economy |
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Tobler's First Law of Geography |
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"Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things." -Waldo Tobler |
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