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Chapter 1 Living Things
Living Things
24
Science
6th Grade
09/01/2009

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Term
organism
Definition
a living thing
Term
cell
Definition
the basic unit of struture and function in an organism
Term
unicellular
Definition
a type of organism that is made up of a single cell
Term
multicellular
Definition
a type of organism that is made up of many cells
Term
development
Definition
the process of change that occurs during an organism's life to produce a more complex organism
Term
stimulus
Definition
a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react
Term
response
Definition
an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus
Term
spontaneous generation
Definition
the mistaken idea that living things arise from nonliving sources
Term
controlled experiment
Definition
an experiment in which all factors are identical except one
Term
variable
Definition
any factor that can change in an experiment
Term
autotroph
Definition
an organism that makes its own food
Term
heterotroph
Definition
an organism that cannot make its own food
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the maintenance of stable internal conditions despite changes in the surroundings
Term
fossil
Definition
the trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock or other substance
Term
classification
Definition
the process of grouping things based on their similarities
Term
taxonomy
Definition
the scientific study of how living things are classified
Term
binomial nomenclature
Definition
the naming system for organisms in which each organism is given a two-part name - a genus name and a species name
Term
genus
Definition
a classification grouping that consists of a number of similar, closely related species
Term
species
Definition
a group of similar organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring in nature
Term
evolution
Definition
the process by which a species gradually changes of a long period of time
Term
taxonomic key
Definition
a series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of different organisms
Term
prokaryote
Definition
an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures
Term
eukaryote
Definition
an organism with cells that contain nuclei and other cell structures
Term
nucleus
Definition
the dense are in a eukaryotic cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell's activities
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