Term
| Identify the oldest medical science |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is studying human anatomy and physiology important? |
|
Definition
| Studying human anatomy and phsyiology is important because understanding normal physiology assists in recognizing when something abnormal occurs within the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of internal and external body structures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study of how living organisms perform functions. |
|
|
Term
| Describe medical terminology |
|
Definition
| the use of prefixes, suffixes, word roots, and combining forms to construct anatomical, physiological, or medical terms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a commemorayive name for a sturcture or clinical condition that was originally named for a real or mythical person |
|
|
Term
| Name the book that serves as the international standard for anatomical vocabulary |
|
Definition
| International Anatomical Terminology |
|
|
Term
| Describe how anatomy and physiology are closely related |
|
Definition
| Anatomy and Physiology are closely related becuase all specific functions are performed by specific structures. |
|
|
Term
| Difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy |
|
Definition
Gross: Macroscopic anatomy which is things you can see with the naked eye.
Microscopic anatomy: things we cant see without a microscope |
|
|
Term
| Identify several specialties of physiology |
|
Definition
| Several Specialties of physiology are cell physiology, organ physiology, systematic physiology and pathologic physiology |
|
|
Term
| Why is it difficult to seperate anatomy from physiology |
|
Definition
| It is difficult to seperate anatomy and physiology because the structures of body parts are so closely related to their functions; put another way, function follows form |
|
|
Term
| identify major levels of organization from the simplist to the most complex |
|
Definition
| The major levels of organization from the simplest to the most complex are following; Chemical (molecular) --> Cellular --> Tissue --> Organ --> Organ system --> organism |
|
|
Term
| Identify the organ systems of the body and cite some major structures of each |
|
Definition
| Major organ systems [12] are the integumentary system (skin), skeletal system (bones), muscular system (skeletal muscels), nervous system (brain), endocrine system (pancreas), cardiovascular system (heart), lymphoid system (spleen), respitory system (lungs), digestive system (teeth), urinary system (urinary bladder), male repro system (penis), female repro system (ovaries). |
|
|
Term
| At which level of biological organization does a histologist investigate structures |
|
Definition
| A histologistt investigate structures and properties at the tissue level or organization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| homestasis refers to the existence of a stable internal environment |
|
|
Term
| Which general mechanism of homeostatic reulation always involves the nervous or endocrine system |
|
Definition
| Extrinsic regulation is a type of homeostatic regulation resulting from activities of the nervous system or endocrine system. |
|
|
Term
| Why is homeostatic regulation important to an organism? |
|
Definition
| Physiological systems can function normally only under carefully controlled conditions. Homeostatic regulation prevents potentially disruptive changes in the body's internal environment |
|
|
Term
| explain the function of negative feedback systems |
|
Definition
| Negative feedback systems provide long term control over the body's internal conditions that is they maintain homeostasis by counteracting the effects of a stimulus |
|
|
Term
| What happens to the body when homeostasis breaks down |
|
Definition
| When homeostasis fails organ systems function less efficiently or even malfunction. The result is the state that we call diseas if the situation is not corrected death can result |
|
|
Term
| Explain how a positive feedback system works |
|
Definition
| A positive feedback system amplifies or reinforces the effects of a stimulus |
|
|
Term
| why is positive feedback helpful in blood clotting but unsuitable for the regulation of body tempature? |
|
Definition
| Positive feedback is useful in processes that must move quickly to completion, such as blood clutting. It is harmful in situations in which a stable condition must be maintained because itt tends to increase any departure from the desired condition. Positive feedback in the regulation of body temp for example, would cause a slight fever to spiral out of control with fatal results. For this reason physiological systems are typically regulated by negative feedback, which tends to oppose any departure from the norm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Equilibrium is a dynamic state in which two opposing forces or processes are in balance. |
|
|
Term
| When the body continuously adapts by utilizing homeostatic systems, it is siad to be in a state of ?????? equilibrium. |
|
Definition
| When the body continuously adapts, utiliing homeostatic sustems, it is said to be in a state of dynamic equilibrium. |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of anatomical terms? |
|
Definition
| The purpose of anatomical terms is to provide a standardized frame of reference for describing the human body. |
|
|
Term
| In the anatomical position, describe an anterior view and a posterior view |
|
Definition
| In the anatomical position an anterior view is seen from the front and a posterior view from the back. |
|
|
Term
| Name two essential functions of body cavities. |
|
Definition
| Body cavities protect internal organs and cushion them from thumps and bumps that occur while walking running or jumping. Body cavities also permit the organs within them to change in size and shape without disrupting the activities of neraby organs. |
|
|
Term
| Identify the subdivisions of the ventral body cavity |
|
Definition
| The ventral body cavities include the pleural and pericardial caivities within the thoracic cavity and the peritoneal abdominal and pelvic cavities within the abdominopelvic cavity |
|
|
