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Definition
| An academic discipline, falling under the Social Sciences, as a field of study that seeks to explain the influence of the environment or Social forces that have an affect on people. |
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Definition
-help to produce the interactions we have with one another
-we consider it to be global in nature
-because of different people and places, these forces must also be diversified. |
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Term
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Definition
-scientific method
-refeerred to in the beginning of sociology was first used by the scientist August Comte
-Auguste comte coined the term sociology |
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Term
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Definition
1. People are being influenced without realizing it
2.People are born unique but are nurtured by their environment
3.If people notice how their environment creates a dramatic affect on the world, they might think and act differently
4.People can offer solutions to problems in their social world
5.(Comte) society can be seen as indicating order or statics as well as dynamics or (change) |
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Definition
| -understanding the connection between history and our personal biography, having an awareness of the relationship between private experience and external influences in the wider social world. |
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Term
| What is sociology used for? |
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Definition
-pure informational purposes
-transmitting knowledge to others
-audience is other sociologists or students of the discipline.
-applied sociology, audienc is usually one of clients, and the product is often change of some sort. |
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Term
| investigation in sociology |
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Definition
-micro, messo, macro
-how detailed and how large the scope of investigation will entail.
-micro= intimate
-macro-large scale |
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| Sociology helps us understand the forces that affect our: |
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Definition
-sense of self
-relationships with and connections to others
-opportunities and barriers we encounter |
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Definition
-extend beyond individuals who experience them.
-people feel compelled to comply
-a coercive power
-power is rarely felt unless a person goes against the established ways of doing things |
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Term
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Definition
-argued that social facts, not personal circumstance, should be the object of study when addressing topics such as suicide
-focused on the division of labor and solidarity
-mechanical solidarity (social ties based on uniform thinking and behavior)
-organic solidarity (social ties based on interdependence and cooperation) |
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Term
| Suicide results from problematic social ties |
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Definition
-egoistic (weak social ties).
-altrustic (strong social ties)
-anomic (disrupted social ties)
-fatalistic (oppressive social ties) |
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Term
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Definition
-Industrial Revolution
-the Enlightenment
(triggered birth of sociology) |
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Term
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Definition
-Key feature of the Industrial Revolution
-process of replacing human and animal power with external sources of power such as burning wood, coal, oil, and natural gas |
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Term
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Definition
| -100 year revolutionary intellectual and social movement in Europe and the United States. |
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Definition
-truth about the world can be seen through science or empirical observation
-people and societies can be studied
-the story of human history is progress.
-people can be changed in positive ways through education
-science, rather than religion, shoudl drive the study of people and the natural environment. |
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Definition
| -father of positivism: idea that valid knowledge about the world can only be derived from using the scientific method. |
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Term
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Definition
-socologist task is to analyze and explain conflict
-class conflict derived from opposing interests of exploited and exploiting classes
-Bourgeoise (owners of means of production)
-Proletariat (individuals who must sell labor to bourgeoisie) |
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Term
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Definition
-offered concept of the color line
-barrier supported by customs and laws separating whites from nonwhites |
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Term
1.Functionalist
2. Conflict
3. Symbolic Interaction
4. Feminism |
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Definition
1.-Functions (contributions made to order and stability)
-Dysfunctions (disruptions made to order and stability)
2.Dominant groups benefit at the expense of subordinate groups
-seek to document structual inequalities
-what practices that dominat groups established to protect their interests.
3.social interaction- everyday encounters with people
-focus on self-awateness, shared symbols, negotiated order
4. Stress gender as the key to understating social interactions. |
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Term
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Definition
-determining the topic or research question
-reviewing the literature
-choose a research design
-Identify variables and hypotheses
-Collecting and analyzing data
-Drawing conclusions |
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Term
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Definition
-plan for gathering data that specifies the population to be studied.
-portion of the cases from the population of interest |
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