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Definition
| the science of behavior and mental processes |
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| psychological perspectives |
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| biological-behavioral-cognitive-sociocultural-pschoanalytic-humanistic |
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| research perspective whose major explanatory focus is how eternal environmental events condition observable behavior |
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| major explanatory focus is how the brain, nervous system, and other physiological mechanisms produce behavior and mental processes |
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| focus is how our mental processes, like perception, memory, and problem solving, work and impact behavior |
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| sociocultural perspective |
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| focus is how other people and the cultural context impact on behavior and mental processes |
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| focus on the subconcious mind |
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| focus on positive image of what it means to be human 'positive psychology' |
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| provides objective detailed descriptions of behavior and mental processes |
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naturalistic observations
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| behavior observed in natural setting researcher does not intervene in behavior being observed |
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| method where observer becomes part of the group being observed |
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| method in which the researcher studies an idividual in depth over a long period of time |
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| method in which the researcher uses questionaires and interveiws to gather info about the behavior beliefs and attitudes of a group. |
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| the entire group of people that a researcher is studying |
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| the subset of a pop. that actually participate in a research study |
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| technique that obtains a representative sample of a pop. by ensuring that each individual in a pop. has an equal opprotunity of being a sample |
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Definition
| a reasearch study that 2 variables are measured to determine if they are related. [how well either one predicts the other] |
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| a statistic that tell us the type and strength of the relationship between two variables. (+ or - is type, 0.0-1.0 is strength) |
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| a direct relationship between two variables |
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| an inverse relationship between two variables |
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| explanation of a correlation between two variables in terms of another variable that could possibly be responsible for the observed relationship of the two. |
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manipulating one variable to determine if changes in one variable cause changes in another variable. This method relies on controlled methods, random assignment and the manipulation of variables to test a hypothesis. |
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| control measure where participants are randomly assigned to groups in order to equalize participant characteristics across the various groups in a experiment. |
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| variable that is manipulated by the experimenter |
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| variable measured by the experimenter |
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| method where the researcher manipulates one or more variables and measures there effect on one or more dependent variables |
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| the group exposed to the independent variable |
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| the group not exposed to the independent variable |
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Definition
| improvement due to the expectation of improving because of recieving treatment |
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Definition
| control group of participants who believe they are recieving treatment, but arent |
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| inactive pill or treatment that has no known effects |
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Definition
| control measure is an experiment in which neither the experimenters no the participants know who are the experiment and control group are |
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Definition
| cells that transmit info within the nervous system |
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Definition
| cells in the nervous system for the nuerons |
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Definition
| fibers projecting out of the cell body that recieve info from other neurons |
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Definition
| part of the neuron that contains its nucleus and the other biological machinery;decides whether to generate a neural impulse in order to pass incoming msgs to other neurons |
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Definition
| conducts neural impulse from cellbody to axon terminals triggering chemical communication |
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| insulating layer covvering an axonthat allows for faster neural impulses |
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| naturally occuring chemical in the nervous sys. that specializes in transmitting info inbetween neurons |
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| microscopic gap between neurons across which neurotransmitters travel |
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| drug that increases the activity of one or more neurotransmitters |
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| drug that decreases the activity of one of more neurotransmitters |
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| prtective mechanism by which the blood capillaries supplying the brain create a barrier that prevents dangerous subtances access to the brain |
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| the brain and spinal cord |
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| part of nervous sys. that links CNS to the body's sensory receptors, muscles and glands |
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| part of PNS- carries sensory input from receptor to CNS and relays commands from CNS to skeletal muscles to control movement |
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| part of PNS- regulates funtioning of our internal enviornment (like glands and organs, lungs heart and stomach) |
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| part of autonomic- in control when we are highly aroused, as in an emergeny, and need to prepare for defensive action |
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| part of autonomic- returns body to its normal resting stage |
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| integrate info within the CNS thru their comm. with eachother and between sensory and moto neurons in the spinal cord |
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Definition
| neurons in the PNS that carry info to the CNS from sensory receptors, muscles, and glands |
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| neurons in the PNS that carry movement commands to the CNS out to the rest of the body |
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| automatic action of the spinal cord not requiring involvement of the brain, such as the knee-jerk relex |
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Definition
| comm. is recieved through hormones that are secreeted by glands and travel through blood to rest of body |
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| chemical messenger that is produced by an endocrine gland and carried by the blood to target tissues throughout the body |
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| part of the brain involved in regulated in basic drives such as eating, drinking, and sex |
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| part of the brain involved in the formation of memories |
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| part of brain that is involved in emotions by influencing agression, anger, and fear |
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| control and info processing center for the nervous sys. percetion memory language decesion making |
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| bridge of neurons that connects the two cerebral hemispheres |
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| hemispheric specialization |
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| individuals subjective awareness of his or her inner thinking and feeling and his or her external env't |
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| stage of sleep that involes rapid eye movement, where dreams occur. |
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