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Definition
The magmas mobility to move
More viscous = Greater resistance to flow |
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| Melting of solid rocks to form magma is controlled by three physical parameters: its temperature, pressure, and composition |
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Determined by chemical composition of magma
Basaltic
Andestic
Rhyolitic |
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| Have surfaces of rough jagged blocks with dangerously sharp edges |
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| Smooth surfaces that often resemble the twisted braids of rope |
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Hardened basaltic flows commonly containing cave like tunnels
Insulated pathways that facilitate the advance of lava great distances from its source |
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| The gaseous components of magma |
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| Pulverized rock lava and glass fragments ejected from vents |
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| Examples of Pyroclastic Materials |
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Looks like greek roman shield
Largest of the 3 volcanoes
Created by multiple cracks (fissures) down into the surface
1 activity lava flows
Primary extrusive igneous rock is bassalt |
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Term
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Definition
Second in size
Classic volcano shape
2 different activities
Some lava flow creating solid rock
Some lava thrown into atmosphere creating ashes and cinders
Alternating layers of solid rock ashes and cinders |
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Term
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Definition
Smallest
Steepest slope
Central Vent
Material thrown at great force into atmosphere
Steep pile of unconsolidated ashes and cinders |
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Large depression
Diameters that exceed one kilometer
Somewhat circular form |
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Collapse of composite volcano
Collapse of shield volcano
Collapse of large area |
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| The result of a giant volcanic eruption or series of eruptions that coats large stretches of land or the ocean floor with basalt lava. |
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| A roughly circular mound-shaped protrusion resulting from the slow extrusion of viscous lava from a volcano |
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| Connect a magma chamber to the surface |
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| Volcano cone erodes away overtime until you just see the lava pipe or lava neck |
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| A fast-moving current of superheated gas that reaches speeds moving away from a volcano of up to 450 mph |
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| Types of Pyroclastic Flows |
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| A type of mudflow or debris flow composed of a slurry of pyroclastic material, rocky debris, and water |
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| A large emplacement of igneous intrusive rock that forms from cooled magma deep in the Earth's crust. Batholiths are almost always made mostly of felsic rock |
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| A body of intrusive igneous rock that crystallized from magma slowly cooling below the surface of the Earth. Plutons include batholiths, dikes, sills, laccoliths, lopoliths, and other igneous bodies. |
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Vertical
Squeezing between Sedimentary material
Very different rock then the surrounding |
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Horizontal
Squeezing between Sedimentary material
Very different rock then the surrounding |
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| Volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is exceptionally hot compared with the mantle elsewhere |
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| Volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is exceptionally hot compared with the mantle elsewhere |
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| An area where large numbers of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur in the basin of the Pacific Ocean |
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