Term
|
Definition
Monosaccharid (glucose)
poly (starch-food, cellulose-structure)
di (sucrose) |
|
|
Term
| What happens during carbon fixation? |
|
Definition
| rubisco grabs CO2 and a 6-carbon sugar (glucose) and fixes them together. |
|
|
Term
| What are chromosomes made of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the names of the 4 main neucleotides on genes and which ones pair up? |
|
Definition
Guanine-cytocine
Adenine-Thymine |
|
|
Term
| What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? |
|
Definition
Genes have specific locations on chromosomes-loci
Chromosomes undergo segregation and independent assortment during meiosis (which is why some offspring dont look exactly like mom and dad) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any chromosome that is available to both sexes; not sex chromosomes |
|
|
Term
| Describe why males more commoly exhinit sex-linked disorders. |
|
Definition
| Because males have the SRY gene located on their Y chromosome. Disorders are cause by mutations in the Y gene and by its presence alone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Having a pair of each type of chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Having different alleles at one or more corresponding chromosomal loci.
- Of or relating to a heterozygote
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/heterozygous#ixzz1gYiEE6fb |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Having the same alleles at a particular gene locus on homologous chromosomes
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/homozygous#ixzz1gYexzUwz |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two or more genes that can occur as alternatives, and code for different versions of the same heritable characteristic (e.g. different eye colour) |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 common sex-linked disorders |
|
Definition
Color blindness
Duchennne muscular dystrophy
Hemophilia |
|
|
Term
| When would a recessive sex-linked trait be expressed? |
|
Definition
if a female has 2 copies of the allele
or if the male has one copy of the allele |
|
|
Term
| What can large sclae chromosomal alterations lead to? |
|
Definition
| Miscarriages and disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when homologous chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis. One gamete gets both and the other gets none |
|
|
Term
| What is caused by nondisjunction? |
|
Definition
| abnormal chromosome numbers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Results from the fertilization of gametes n which nondisjunction occured |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Has only one copy of a particular chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has three copies of a particular chromosome |
|
|
Term
| Describe the disorders aneuploidy can cause |
|
Definition
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY)- sterile, small testies
Turner Syndrome results in sterile X females
Trisomy 21-Downsyndrom (3 copies of chrom 21) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| More that 2 complete sets of chromosomes. Common in plants but not animals; appears more normal than aneuploidy |
|
|
Term
| describe the 4 types of chromosome structure change |
|
Definition
1) Deletion: removes a chromosomal segment
2) duplication: repeats a segment
3) Inversion: reverses a segment
4) Translocation: segment switching |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 human disorders caused by chromosome structure alterations |
|
Definition
cri du chat results from a deleteion on chromosome 5
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia(CML) are caused by chromosome translocation |
|
|
Term
| WHat happens in genomic imprinting? |
|
Definition
| some genes on a chromosome inherited from 1 parents are turned off during meiosis in the gametes. An allele is silenced and passed off to offspring and is done my mehtylation of (-CH3) DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many autosomes are there on men and women |
|
Definition
|
|
