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Chap. 7 Cell Structure and Function
Vocab
35
Biology
10th Grade
10/24/2012

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Term
Aquaporin
Definition
Water channel protein in a cell
Term
Cell Membrane
Definition
A thin flexible barrier that surrounds the cell.
Term
Cell Theory
Definition
A fundamental concept of biology.
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Strong supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cells
Term
Cells
Definition
The basic units of life.
Term
Centrioles
Definition
Structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
Term
Chloroplast
Definition
Found in plant cells and some other organisms that captures the energy from the sunlight and converts it to chemicals energy
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Portion of the cell outside the nucleus
Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
Network of protein filaments in a eukaryotic cell that gives the cell it's shape and internal organization and is nvolved in movement.
Term
Diffusion
Definition
Process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Internal membrane system found in eukaryotic cells and this is also where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
Cells that enclose their DNA in nuclei
Term
Facilitated Diffusion
Definition
Process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and materials from the ER for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
Relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
Term
Hypertonic
Definition
When comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of so lutes.w
Term
Hypotonic
Definition
When comparing two solutions, the solution with lesser concentration of solutes
Term
Isotonic
Definition
When the concentration of two solutions is the same
Term
Lipid Bilayer
Definition
Flexible double layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surroundings
Term
Lysosomes
Definition
Breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell.
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
Converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Term
Nucleus
Definition
A large membrane enclosed structure that contains DNA.
Term
Organ
Definition
Group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions
Term
Organ System
Definition
Group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
Term
Organelles
Definition
These are the specialized organs in a cell
Term
Osmosis
Definition
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Term
Osmotic pressure
Definition
Pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively permeable membrane
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
Cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei
Term
Receptor
Definition
On or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone.
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
Consists of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in a cell and produces the proteins
Term
Rough ER
Definition
Involved in synthesis of proteins
Term
Selectively Permeable
Definition
Property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
Contains collections of enzymes
Term
Tissue
Definition
Group of similar cells that perform a particular function
Term
Vacuoles
Definition
Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
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