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• Found in east-central France
• Maintained that clergy should not be subservient to kings and are under authority of Pope
• *increased popular respect for the church and strengthened the clergy |
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• Crowned king of England in Westeninster Abbey
• Est. Strong monarchy
• Kept the Anglo- Saxon tax system |
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| • Monks and nuns who belong to religious orders |
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| • The everyday language spoken by the people as opposed to Latin |
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| In what ways was the Renaissance a transition from the medieval to the modern world? |
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• The Renaissance in Italy
• Humanism
• Classical idea of an educational-well rounded person |
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What were the results of the Black Death? |
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• *Political and Social Breakdown
• Weakened nobility
• Devasted trade routes
• High demands for goods |
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What were the results of the Hundred years war? |
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• lasting political and social consequences
• devasted France, but it also awakened French nationalism and hastened the country’s transition from a founded monarchy to a centralized state
• heavy on peasants,- have to pay with taxes and service |
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How did England and France develop strong royal and governments? |
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| • *Growth of National Monarchies |
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What impact did the Crusades have on medieval European Society? |
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• *Revival of Empire, Church and Towns
• Rise of merchants, self-govern towns, and universities helped restructure power |
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• Method of Study based on logic and dialectic that dominated the medieval schools
• Assumed that truth already existed
• students had only to organize, elucidate, and defend knowledge learned |
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| • A sense of national identify and self-confidence, the French were able to expel the English |
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| • The “Great Charter” limiting royal power that the English nobility forced king John to sign in 1215 |
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| • The study of the Latin and Greek classics and of the Church Fathers both of their own sakes to promote rebirth of ancient norms and values |
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• became convinced that Italian political unity and independence were ends that justified any means
• admired the heroic acts of ancient Roman rulers |
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• Founder of a Tudor dynasty that endured til 1603
• Constructed a powerful monarchy that became one of early modern Europe’s most exemplary government |
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• Able to subdue their realms, secure their boarders, and venture abroad mil.
• Both Castile and Aragon= good kingdoms after marriage of Isa. and Ferd. |
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| • An association of merchants of craftsmen that offered protection to its members and set rules for their work and products |
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Term
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Definition
| • Capetian kings concentrated their limited resources on securing the territory surrounding Paris |
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| • When 13 cardinals elected a cousin of the French king of Pope Clement VII |
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• The princes of Moscow grew wealthy and expanded the principality
• Capital of Russia (haha) |
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• King of Egypt and Syria
• Reconquered Jerusalem- a brilliant victory |
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| • Parish clergy who did not belong to a religious order |
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• Emperor Henry V agreed not to invest bishops with the ring and staff
• Pope Calixtus II recognized emperors right to grant bishops their secular fiefs |
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| • Brought all of northern Russia under Moscow’s control and ended Mongol rule |
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