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Definition
To cut apart
Def: the structure of the body |
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Definition
Gross - visible parts of the body
Microscopic - invisible parts of the body
Surface - anatomy by feelings
Regional - broken down by region
Systematic - anatomy by organ systems |
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Definition
| Study of functions of an organism and its parts |
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"to take out the microscope"
Study of tissues |
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Definition
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Circulatory
Lymphatic / Immune
Digestive
Respiratory
Urinary
Reproductive |
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Definition
| Group of tissues specialized for a particular function |
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Definition
| Group of cells specialized for particular function |
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Nervous
Muscular
Connective
Epithelial |
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Definition
| Internal balance; equilibrium in the body |
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Definition
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Definition
Receptor in your body detects high blood pressure
Receptor sends message to brain
Brain sends message to effector
Effector changes the blood pressure
Homeostasis is restored |
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Definition
Not good
Can lead to death
Will reinforce the problem in the body |
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Term
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Definition
Plasma membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi
Lysosome
Mitochondria |
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Term
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Definition
"Gatekeeper" of cell
Controls what comes in and out of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
Contains genetic material - DNA
Control center of cell |
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Definition
Fluid part of cell
All kinds of stuff floating in there |
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Definition
| Components of cell that make proteins |
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Term
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Definition
Endo - within
Plasmic - cytoplasm
Reticulum - network
Smooth - series of tubes used in intracellular transport; used for production of lipids and carbs
Rough - Used in protein synthesis and intracellular transport |
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Term
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Definition
Warehouse of the cell
Stores, packages, and ships things out |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries out things packaged in golgi |
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Definition
| Breaks down lipids, proteins, acids, etc. |
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Definition
Stores cellular energy
Mitochondrial DNA - comes from the mother |
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Term
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Definition
Tiny hairs which line the surface of cell
Move in rhythm to move things out |
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Term
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Definition
Large molecules formed by the joining of amino acids
Some act as enzymes - catalysts in chemical reactions
Others act as antibodies which fight infections |
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Term
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Definition
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Chain-like molecule found in every cell
Directs formation, growth, and reproduction of cells |
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Term
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Definition
Messenger RNA
Copies chemical instructions from DNA for making proteins in the cell |
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Definition
Transfer RNA
Collects amino acids in cytoplasm and bring to mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
Process by which cells build proteins
Transcription - double helix of DNA unwinds and exposes sequences of nucleotides
Translation - making protein |
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Definition
Four in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
Store the sequence of amino acids for every protein that a cell needs to make |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
Double stranded DNA copied into single stranded mRNA
mRNA transferred from nucleus to ribosomes
Ribosomes match up each set of nucleotide in mRNA to a matching tRNA
Amino acid in tRNA is added to the growing protein chain
Eventually,k ,ribosomes hit a point in RNA that codes for stop |
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Term
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Definition
Cells in our body must reproduce so our bodies can grow, repair injuries, etc.
Prophase - chromosomes coil up, becoming visibly thicker and shorter, which creates spindle across cell; nuclear membrane breaks at the ends
Metaphase - sister chromatids move to the equator (middle of cell) and attach to spindle
Anaphase - centromeres divide; each sister chromatid becomes a new chromosome
Telophase - Chromosomes uncoil; nuclear membrane forms around each |
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Term
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Definition
"Normal" state of cell
Cell is not reproducing |
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Term
| Cells which don't go through mitosis to reproduce |
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Definition
Mature neurons
Skeletal muscle
Heart muscle
Because they lack centrioles and cannot form a spindle for mitosis |
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Term
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Definition
AKA cell membrane
Holds cell together
Selective permeability
Provides receptors for cell to sense its environment |
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Term
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Definition
Biggest part of cell membrane
Phospholipid - fat molecule which has a polar (likes water) and non-polar (hates water) ends
Bilayer - 2 layers |
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Term
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Definition
1 head and 2 tails
Head is polar; tail is non-polar |
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Term
| Proteins are present in membrane |
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Definition
Channel - have a channel to let hings in or out
Glycoproteins - has carbs attached and allows cells to recognize each other
Receptor - takes in messages from other cells |
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Term
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Definition
1/3 of the lipid part of cell membrane
Non polar
Used to stabilize cell membrane |
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Definition
| Decides what goes in and out of the cell |
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Definition
| Allow certain molecules into cell through mediated transport |
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Definition
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Definition
Diffusion - movement of ions from high to low concentration
Facilitated Diffusion - facilitates (helps) the molecule get through cell membrane
Doesn't require cellular energy |
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Term
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Definition
Adenosine triphosphate
Cellular energy - broken down into ADP and phosphate to release energy
Made by adding phosphate to ADP |
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Term
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Definition
Cell drinking
Protein dissolves in fluids around the cell |
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Term
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Definition
Cell eating
Ingests solids rather than fluids
WBC (white blood cells) use phagocytosis most often |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which large molecules are taken into cell; active |
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Term
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Definition
transportation of material from inside to outside of the cell
Golgi plays a role |
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