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| Inability to adequately perform a given function or action |
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| Thin, flattened structure; term used to describe the leaf-shaped structures that compose the heart valve |
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| Tubular space or channel within any organ or structure of the body; space within an artery, vein, intestine or tube |
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| Vague, uneasy feeling of body weakness, distress, or discomfort commonly marking the onset of and persisting throughout a disease |
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| Blockage in a canal, vessel or passage of the body: the state of being closed |
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| Open and unblocked, such as patent artery |
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| Preventative measure or technique commonly involving the use of a biologic, chemical, or mechanical agent to destroy or prevent the entry of infectious organisms |
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| State of being sticky or gummy |
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| a widening, a widened blood vessel |
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| vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
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| vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
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| hardening; sclera (white of eye) |
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| ventricle (of the heart or brain) |
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| Localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery |
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| Condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop |
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| Loss of effective cardiac function which results in cessatation of circulation |
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| Cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation |
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| Inability of the heart ot maintain a steady rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or "skipping" a beat |
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| Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action or both; also called "murmur" |
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| Any disease of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function |
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| Thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery or tubular structure |
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| narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta |
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| Failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs |
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| Mass of undissolved matter (foriegn object, air, gass, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessels |
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| Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions |
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| Arrest of bleeding or circulation |
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| Excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglyerides) in the blood |
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| Common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140mm Hg systolic or 90mm Hg distolic |
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| Hypertension in which there is no identifiable cause; also called "essential hypertension" associated with obesity, high soduim intake, hypercholesteroemia, family history |
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| Hypertension that resluts from an underling, identifiable, commonly correctable cause |
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| hypertensive heart disease |
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| Any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure |
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| implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) |
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| Implantable battery-powered device that monitors and, if necessary, corrects an irregular heart rhythm by sending impulses to the heart |
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| Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply |
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| Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction |
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| Common and occasionally serious conditon in which the leaflets of the miral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation |
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| Chemical radioactive substance used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or structure |
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| Sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including "thumping", "fluttering", "skipped beats" or pounding feeling in the chest |
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| Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close abter birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung) artery |
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| Circulation of blood through tissues or passage of fluids through vessels of an organ |
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| Congenital anomaly consisting of four elements: 1)pulmonary artery stenosis; 2) interventricular septal defect; 3) transposition of the aorta so that both ventricles empty into the aorta; 4) right ventricular hypertrophy caused by increased workload of the right ventricle |
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| Slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or an ostructed artery |
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| Altered state of conciouscness or fainting due to decreased blood flow to the brain caused by prolonged asystole (absence of muscular contraction of the heart) |
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| Blood clot that obstructs a vessel |
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| Passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart |
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| electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) |
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| Graphic line recording that shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs |
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| Electocardiogram (ECG) taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings |
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| ECG take under controlled exercise stress conditions |
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| Utilizes a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow |
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| Blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I, and creatinine kinase (CK-MB) |
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| Series of tests (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, & triglycerides) used to asssess risk factors of ischemic heart disease |
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| Radiological examination of the aorta and its branches following the injection of a contrast medium via a catheter |
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| Radiological examination of the blood vessels of and around the heart |
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| Noninvasive diagnostic method that uses ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and produce images of the heart |
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| Noninvasive adaptation of ultrasound technology in which blood flow velocity is assessed in differenct areas of the heart |
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| magnetic resonance imaging |
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| Noninvasive imaging technique that uses readiowaves and a strong magnetic field rather than an x-ray beam to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images |
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| magnetic resonance angiography |
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| Magnetic resonance imaging technique used to visualize vascular structures |
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| Imaging technique that provides a graphic display of heart sounds and murmurs during the cardiac cycle |
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| Imaging technique used to diplay soft tissue structures such as blood vessels without the confusing overlay of bone images |
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| Injection and subseqent detection of radioactive isotopes to create images of body parts and identify body functions and diseases |
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| Scintigraphy procedure that identifies infarcted or scarred areas of the heart that show up as "cold spots" (areas of reduced radioactivity), |
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| Radiography of a vein after injectionn of a contrast medium; incomplete filling of a vein indicates obstruction |
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| Process of restoring the normal rhythm of the heart by applying a controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest |
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| Technique used to block blood flow to a site by passing a catheter to the area and injecting a synthetic material or medication specially designed to occlude the blood vessel |
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| Procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation of the vessel using a balloon catheter |
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| coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) |
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| Surgical procedure that uses a vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle |
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| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) |
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| Dialation of an occluded vessel using a ballon catheter under fluroscopic guidance |
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| Removal of material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device |
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| Removal and examination of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes |
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| Removal and examination of a segment of an arterial vessel wall to confirm inflammation of the wall or arteritis, a type of vasculitis |
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| Destruction of conductive tissue of the heart to interrupt abnormal contractions, thus allowing normal heart rhythm to resume |
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| Surgical separation of the leaflets of the mitral valve, which have fused together at their "commissures" (points of touching) |
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| Procedure used to remove or treat varicose veins |
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| tying a varicose vein (ligation) followed by removal (stripping) of athe affected segment |
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| Surgical procedure performed on or within the exposed heart, usually with the assistance of a heart-lung machine |
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| Puncturing of the pericardium to remove fluids to test for protein, sugar, and enzymes or determind the causative organism of pericarditis |
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| Incision or puncture of a vein to remove blood or introduce fluids or medications |
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| Destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called "clotbusters" such as tissue plasminogen activator |
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| intravascular thrombolysis |
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| Infusion of a thrombolytic agent into a vessel to dissolve a blood clot |
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| Incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening; used in treating mitral stenosis |
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| Puncture of a vein by the needle attached to a syringe or catheter to withdrwaw a specimen of blood, perform a phlebotomy, instill a medication, start an intravenous infusion, or inject a radiopaque substance for radiological examination |
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| angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor |
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Definition
Decreases blood pressure
Generic/trade names
benazepril/Lotensin
captopril/Capoten
quinapril/Accupril |
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Definition
help establish a regular heartbeat
Generic/Trade names:
flecainid/Tambocor
ibutilide/Corvert |
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Definition
Treat and manage agina, hypertension, and ventricular arrhythmias
Generic/Trade names:
stenolol/Tenormin
metoprolol/Lopressor, Toprol
propranolol/Inderal |
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Definition
Treat and manage angina, hypertension & arrhythmias
Generic/Trade names:
amiodipine/Norvasc
dilitazem/Carizem
nifedipine/Adalet, Procardia |
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Definition
Manage edema associated with heart failure and treat hypertension
Generic/Trade names:
furosemide/Lasix |
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Definition
Reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol in blood and possibly slightly increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol
Generic/Trade names:
atorvastatin/Lipitor
simvastatin/Zocor |
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Definition
Treats angina pectoris
Generic/Trade names:
nitroglycerin/Nitro-Dur, Nitrolingual, Nitrogard,Nitrostat |
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Increase peripheral blood flow to treat peripheral vascular disease, diabetic peripheral vascular insufficiency and Raynaud disease
Generic/Trade names:
cyclandelate/Cyclan
isoxsuprine/Vasodilan |
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| abdominal aortic aneurysm |
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| arteriosclerotic heart disease |
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| angiotensin sensitivity test; aspartate aminotransferase (cardiac enzyme, formerly called SGOT) |
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| atrioventricular, arteriovenous |
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| cancer; chronological age; cardiac arrest |
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| coronary artery bypass graft |
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| creatin kinase (cardia enzyme) |
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| cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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| digital subtraction angiography |
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| echocardiogram; echoencephalogram |
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| lactate dehydrogenase; lactic acid dehydrogenase (cardiac enzyme) |
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| musculoskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental status; mitral stenosis |
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| premature atrial contraction |
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| paroxsymal atrial tachycardia |
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| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty |
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| premature ventricular contraction |
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| residual volume; right ventricle |
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| ventricular septal defect |
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