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| grouping characters into a word, group of words, or number |
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| A group of related fields... Such as students name age etc |
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| A group of Records of the same type |
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| person, place, thing, or event which we store information |
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| Each characteristic or quality describing a particular entity |
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| duplicate data in multiple data files so that the same data are stored in more than one place (wastes storage reasources) |
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| Where the same attribute may have different vlaues |
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| coupling of data stored in files and the specific programs required to update and maintain those files such as changes in programs require changes to the data |
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| collection of data organized to serve many applications efficiently by centralizing the data and controlling redundant data. |
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| Database Management Systen |
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| software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently and provide access to the stored data by application programs. |
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| presented data perceived in the view of the end user. |
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| shows how data is actually organized and structured on the physical storage media |
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| Databases management system |
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| reduces redundancy and inconsistency of data minimizing isolated files where data is repeated. |
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| Microsoft access is an example of |
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| In Access fields can be called |
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| in access the actual information can be refered as a row |
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| IN Access technical term for a record or row |
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| in access the field that is used for sorting |
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| a key field that is unique identifier for all info in a row. usually an a ID # |
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| better to store multimedia components in a database |
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| a hybrid between regular DBSM and object DBSM |
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| specifies the structure of the content of the database. Used to define the fields in a table |
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| manual file that stores all the data definitions |
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| data manipulation language |
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| specialized language for manipulating data in DBSM |
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| Structured Query Language SQL |
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| most prominent data manipulation language |
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| process of creating small stable flecible and adaptie data structures from complex groups of data. |
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| rules to ensure consistency between coupled tables in order to remain constant |
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| entity relationship diagram |
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| relationship between the entities of different groups. Supplier-Part-Order-ETC |
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| an organised grouping of the smallest piece of info- bit TO Database the largest |
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| data redundancy, inconsistency, program-data dependence,lack of flexibility, poor security, lack of data sharing |
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| Problems with Traditional File Environment |
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| Primary key used in second table as look-up field to identify records from original table |
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| able to select- join- project |
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–Stores current and historical data from many core operational transaction systems
–Consolidates and standardizes information for use across enterprise, but data cannot be altered
– provide query, analysis, and reporting tools |
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–Subset of data warehouse
–Summarized or highly focused portion of firm’s data for use by specific population of users
–Typically focuses on single subject or line of business |
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•
Tools used for
Software for database query and reporting
•Online analytical processing (OLAP)
•Data mining |
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| Online analytical processing (OLAP) |
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- enables rapid, online answers to ad hoc queries
-Supports multidimensional data analysis |
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–More discovery driven than OLAP
–Finds hidden patterns, relationships in large databases and infers rules to predict future behavior
–E.g., Finding patterns in customer data for one-to-one marketing campaigns or to identify profitable customers. |
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process that can find
•Associations
•Sequences
•Classification
•Clustering
•Forecasting |
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–Uses data mining techniques, historical data, and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events
–E.g., Probability a customer will respond to an offer |
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| Extracts key elements from large unstructured data sets (e.g., stored e-mails) |
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| Discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from WWW |
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