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| Gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of a cell but is contained within the cell membrane |
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| (DNA) Molecule that holds genetic information and makes an exact copy of itself whenever the cell divides |
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| Identification of a diseas or condition by scientific evaluation of physical signs, symptoms, history, laboratory and clinical test results, and radiographic procedures |
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| Instrument consisting of a rigid or flexible fiberoptic tube and optical system for observing the inside of a hollow organ or cavity |
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| study of causes of disease |
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| instrument consisting of an x-ray maching and a florecent screen, used to view the internal organs |
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| pertaining to condition without clear pathogensis, or disease without recognizable cause as of spontaneous orign |
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| chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism and produce energy and basic materials needed for all life processes |
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| prediction of the course and end of a disease and the estimated chance of recovery |
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| objective evidence or manifestation of an illness or a disordered function of the body |
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| any change in the body or its functions as perceived by the patient |
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| Anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) aspects |
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| Supeior (upper) and inferior (lower) aspects |
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| Heart, Lungs, and associated structures |
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| Digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs and structures |
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| Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ) |
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| Right lobe of liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas part of the small and large intestines |
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| Left upper quadrant (LUQ) |
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| Left lobe of liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small and large intestines |
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| Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) |
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| Part of the small and large intestines, appendix, right ovary, right fallopian tube, right ureter |
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| Left lower quadrant (LLQ) |
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| Part of the samll and large intestines, left ovary, left fallopian tube, left ureter |
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| Left hypochondriac region |
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| Upper left region beneath the ribs |
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| Right hypochondriac region |
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| Upper right region beneath the ribs |
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| Left middle lateral region |
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| Right middle lateral region |
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| Left inguinal (iliac) region |
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| Left lower lateral region |
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| Lower middle region beneath the navel |
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| Right lower lateral region |
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| Pertaining to the outer wall of the body cavity |
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| pertaining to the viscera, or internal organs, especially in the abdominal organs |
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| Lying horizontal with the face downward, or indicating the hand with palms turned downward |
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| Lying on the back with the face upward or indicating the postiion of the hand or foot with the palm or foot facing upward |
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| Turning inward or inside out |
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| Pertaining to the palm of the hand |
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| Pertaining to the sole of the foot |
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| back (of body), behind, posterior |
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| neck, cervix uteri (neck of uterus) |
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| ilium (lateral flaring portion of hip bone) |
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| gray; gray matter (of brain or spinal cord) |
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| band, fascia (fibrous membrane supporting and separating muscles) |
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| radiation, x-ray; radius (lower arm bone on the thumb side) |
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| abnormal fibrous band that holds normally separated tissues together, usually occuring within a body cavity |
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| Substance being analyzed or tested, generally by means of a chemical |
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| in radiology, a substance that is injected into the body, introduced via catheter, or swallowed to facilitate radiographic imaging of interanl structures that otherwise are difficult to visualize on x-ray film |
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| bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical abdominal wound |
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| Feverish; pertaining to fever |
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relative constancy or equilibrim in the internal environment of the body, which is maintained by the every-changing processes of feed-back and regulation in response to external or internal changes
homeo-:same, alike
-stasis standing still |
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| Body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain and sometimes, loss of function |
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| Diseased, pertaining to a disease |
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| Branch of medicine concerned with the use of radioactive substances for diagnosis, treatment, and research |
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| Medical discipline concerned with the use of electromagnetic radiation, ultrasound, and imaging techniques for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury |
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| Medical imaging using external sources of radiation to evaluate body structures and functions of organs |
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| Use of imaging techniques in the nonsurgical treatment of various disorders, such as balloon angioplasty and cardiac catheterization |
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| Use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of malignant tumors; also called "radiation oncology" |
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| Substances that emit radiation spontaneously; also called "tracers" |
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| Radionuclide attached to a protein, sugar, or other substance that travels to the organ or body area tha will be scanned |
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| Term used to describe a computerized image by modality (such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and nuclear) or by structure (such as thyroid and bone) |
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| Pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream |
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| Producing or associated with generation of pus |
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| Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an "endoscope" |
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| Visual examination of the organs of the pelvis and abdomen throught very small incisions in the abdominal wall |
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| Examination of the lungs, pleura, and pleural space with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs |
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| Common blood test that enumerates red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets; measures hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells); estimates red cell volume; and sorts white blood cells into five subtypes with their percentages |
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| Common urine test that evaluates the physical, chemical, and microscopic properties of urine |
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| Computed tomography (CT) scan |
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| Imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intesity of transmitted rays from differnt angels; formerly called "computerized axial tomography" |
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| Ultrasound technique used to detect and measure blood-flow velocity and direction through the cardiac chambers, valves, and peripheral vessels by relecting sound waves off of moving blood cells |
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| Radiographic technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a flourescent screen that displays continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images |
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| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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| Noninvasive imaging technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field rather than and x-ray beam to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images |
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| Diagnostic technique that uses a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected) and a scanning device to determine size, shape, location, and function of various organs and structures |
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| positron emission tomography (PET) |
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| Scan using computed tomography to record the positrons (positive charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical, producing a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine the presence of disease |
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| Image produced when an x-ray is passed through the body or area and captured on a film; also called x-ray |
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| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
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| Noninvasive imaging technique that provides clear, three-dimensional pictures of a major organ by injecting a radionuclide and detecting the emitted radiation using a special device called a gamma camera |
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| Radiographic technique that produces an image representing a detailed cross-section or "slice" of an area, tissue, or organ at a predetermined depth |
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| Image produced by high-frequency sound waves (ultrsound) and displaying the reflected "echoes" on a monitor; also called ultrasound, sonography and echogram |
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| Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microsopic examination, usually to established diagnosis |
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| Removal of a small tissue sample for examination using a hollow needle, usually attached to a syringe |
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| Removal of a small core tissue using a hollow instrument (punch), usually attached to a syringe |
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| Removal of tissue using a surgical blade to shave elevated lesions |
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| Ultra-thin slice of tissue cut from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination |
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| Removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radiofrequency (RF) |
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| Surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
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| Destroy tissue by electricty, freezing, heat or corrosive chemicals |
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| Scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a "curette" (curet) |
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| incision and drainage (I&D) |
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| Incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity |
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| Surgical technique employing a device that emits intense heat and power at close range to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissues |
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| Surgical removal of tissue in an extensive area surrounding the surgical site in an attempt to excise all tissue that may be malignant to decrease the chance of recurrence (such as radical mastectomy) |
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| Partial excision of a bone, organ, or other structure |
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| computed (axial) tomography scan |
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| digital subtraction angiography |
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| posteroanterior; pernicious anemia |
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| single photon emission computed tomography |
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