Term
| What is a Meibomian gland? |
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Definition
| A meibomian gland is a type of sebaceous gland that secretes sebum into tears. |
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Term
| Where are Meibomian glands located? |
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Definition
| Meibomian glands are located on the posterior margin and embedded in the tarsal plate of each eyelid (by the hair root). |
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Term
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Definition
| A Chalazion is a small lump on the inner or outer surface of the eyelid. |
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Term
| What causes a Chalazion to form? |
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Definition
| It is caused by an inflammatory reaction to material trapped inside a Meibomian gland. |
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Term
| What often characterizes a Chalazion? |
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Definition
| A red, swollen area of the eyelid. |
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Term
| What does the incisional approach depend on when considering a surgical repair of a Chalazion? |
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Definition
| The incisional approach depends on the location of the major portion of the Chalazion: transcutaneous (outside of the eyelid) or transconjunctival (through the inside of the eyelid). |
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Term
| What is the difference between transcutaneous and transconjunctival? |
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Definition
Transcutaneous is outside of the eyelid.
Transconjunctival is through the inside of the eyelid. |
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Term
| How is a Chalazion diagnosed? |
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Definition
| A Chalazion diagnosis is primarily obtained from a history and physical examination. |
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Term
| What instruments are unique to a surgical repair of a Chalazion? (Hint: there are 4). |
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Definition
1. Chalazion Forceps
2. Chalazion Currettes
3. Bishop-Harmon Forceps
4. Needle Tip OR Bipolar Cautery |
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Term
| What type of skin prep is used? |
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Definition
| As this is a contaminated case, the surgeon may not require skin prep. |
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Term
| What type of drape is used for a surgical repair of a Chalazion? |
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Definition
| A surgical repair of a chalazion requires the use of a "head drape", which usually consists of an adhesive "U" drape placed around the operative site and a smaller adhesive sheet that extends across the forehead. |
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Term
| When performing a surgical repair of a Chalazion, which instrument would help provide the best exposure? |
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Definition
| The affected eyelid is everted with a Chalazion clamp for exposure. |
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Term
| After everting the affected eyelid with a Chalazion clamp, which blade would best be suited to open the Chalazion? |
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Definition
| An incision is made on the inner surface with a #11 or #15 blade. |
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Term
| Since a Chalazion is caused by an inflammatory reaction to material trapped inside a Meibomian gland, it must be accessed during the repair. Which muscle must be incised to gain access? |
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Definition
| The orbicularis muscle is incised to expose the Meibomian gland. |
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Term
| After the Meibomian gland is incised and the lesion is curetted, how can bleeding be controlled? What solution can be placed into the surgical site to help find points of bleeding? |
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Definition
Bleeding is controlled by cautery.
Irrigating the surgical site with drops of BSS shows the surgeon points of bleeding. |
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Term
| The wound is left open for drainage or approximated; healing by second intention. Which dressing is best suited for this procedure? |
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Definition
| An eye pad is applied as dressing. |
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