Term
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Definition
Examines characteristics of a single sample
In a living sample |
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Term
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Definition
Examines differences in variables in two or more groups
In natural setting
Results: not generalizable to a population |
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Term
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Definition
Longitudinal vs. cross-sectional
Prospective vs. retrospective |
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Term
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Definition
Determines the strength and type of relationships between two or more variables
No cause and effect
Types:
-Descriptive correlational design
-Predictive correlational design
-Model testing design |
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Term
| Describe relationships between or among variables? |
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Definition
| Descriptive correlational design |
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Term
| Predict relationships between or among variables? |
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Definition
| Predictive correlational design |
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Term
| Test theoretically proposed relationships |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Causality
Highly controlled, objective, systematic studies
Involves the measurement of independent variable and dependent variables
Main characteristics:
-Controlled manipulation of independent variable
-Uses experimental and control groups
-Random assignment |
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Term
| True experimental design (RCT) |
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Definition
Level 2 evidence
Randomization:
-Equal chance of being assigned the groups
-Increases the likelihood of differences in outcomes between groups are not related to chance alone
Control:
-Control/comparison group
-Control of experimental situations and settings
-Control of variance
Manipulation:
-Implementing an intervention |
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Term
| Quasi-experimental designs |
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Definition
Test cause-and-effect relationships
Randomization?
No control group
Pretest and posttest
Nonequivalent dependent variables design
Level 3 evidence |
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Term
| Describe the purpose of experimental and quasi-experimental research. |
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Definition
The researcher actively intervenes to bring about the desired effect and does not passively observe behaviors or actions.
They provide levels 2 and 3 evidence which is the highest levels for a single study.
Experimental design=testing cause and effect relationships |
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