Term
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Definition
- how we classify plants
- a system of names that allows us to have an understanding of how plants are related |
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Term
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Definition
| things are grouped into more or less exclusive groups--at the top, plants overall are the most inclusive groups |
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Term
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Definition
- real name is Karl von Linné
- he described homosapiens, people, and because ever specimen needs an example to be classified, he picks himself as the example 'cause he's a d
- believed that the species were created by god
- to the extent that there was any differences in species, it's because we're born into an imperfect world and if we don't fit the 'exact type' of the species it's because we're sinful
- he was a dr, at that point botony and medicine were connected
- went up to Lapland w students- very northern part of Scandonavia- to collect his specimens, and when they returned the village in Sweden had a parade for him
- before he agrees to have his portrait painted he dressed up in his Lapland garb and holds flower that's named after him
- his sexual system of classification was not successful because it was considered scandalous in his day
- classified things by how many carpals and how many stamens
- some of his early work, all in latin |
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Term
| to latinize your own name |
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Definition
- male: add -us to first and last name
- female: add -a to first and last name |
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Term
| binomial system of nomenclature |
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Definition
- what survived of Linnaeus' system that we use
- ex. homo sapiens: homo- genus, sapiens- specific epithet--the combination of the genus and specific epithet tells you exactly what it is, and then at the end is the authority--person who named it--ex. Homo sapiens L. (for Linaeus)
- when using scientific names, always capitalize name of the genus
- never capitalize the specific epithet
- always underline/italicize both and never underline the authority
- never underline the space between the genus and the specific epithet |
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Term
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Definition
- the system binomial system replaced; it previously was a phrase in latin that described the plant; the problem was that during the scientific revolution botanists were expanding out of europe and finding out how many plants there really were in the whole world;
- ex. only 2 species of oak in England, but 200 in mexico, because glaciers wiped out the plant diversity in Europe |
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Term
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Definition
- differ by regions and languages, so using common names can be confusing
- ex. mock orange is a name shared by two different trees
- osage orage: chloroform; no animals in N. America anymore that are big enough to eat the fruits; trees are so big and strong so that mastadons didn't come and knock over the plant; growth was encouraged during the dust bowl to fence in fields; almost extinct; not only used as a fence post but to create bow and arrows |
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Term
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Definition
- a group of species that share many characteristics
- ex. willow oak and red oak are distinct species but belong to oak species because of acorns |
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Term
| taxonomic hierarchy mnemonic device |
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Definition
- Kings Play Chess on Fat Girls' Stomachs
- Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
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Term
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Definition
- the Origins of Species by Natural Selection: 1859
- rich kid, was supposed to follow father's footsteps into medicine, but he liked nature better--natural history
- dad decides he's kind of a failure, so he puts him on a boat, HMS Beagle, to study the geography of south america
- travels around the world, ends up in the Galapagos and observes the finches
- different types of finches on different islands, involved into different species to fit different roles |
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Term
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Definition
1. variation
2. superfecundity
3. competition
4. survival to reproduce |
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