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Ch. 8
Cell Division and Respiration
20
Biology
Undergraduate 4
02/15/2012

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Term
Somatic Cells
Definition
body cell; exclude cells that undergo meiosis and come a sperm or egg
Term
binary fission
Definition
bacterial reproduction into two daughter cells without the utilization of a mitotic spindle
Term
Cell Cycle Phases
Definition
Repeating sequence of cellular events that consists of interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis.
Term
Interphase
Definition
most of the cell cycle is spent during interphase. this is the time when a cell performs its usual functions, depending on its location in the body
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
division of the cytoplasm following mitosis and meiosis
Term
diploid
Definition
presence of two of each tie of chromosome at interphase of the cell cycle
Term
haploid
Definition
presence of one of each type of chromosome during meiosis of the cell cyle
Term
gametes
Definition
haploid sex cell;the egg or sperm, which join in fertilization to form a zygote
Term
homologous chromosomes
Definition
member of a pair of chromosomes that are alike and come together in synapsis during prophase of the first meiotic division
Term
Mitosis
Definition
type of cell division in which daughter cells receive the exact chromosomal and genetic makeup of the parent cell; occurs during growth and repair
Term
meiosis
Definition
type of nuclear division that occurs as part of sexual reproduction in which the daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in carried combinations
Term
autosomes
Definition
any chromosome other than the sex chromosomes
Term
sex chromosomes
Definition
chromosomes that determines the se of an individual; in humans, females have two X chromosomes and males have an X and a Y
Term
sex chromosomes
Definition
chromosomes that determines the se of an individual; in humans, females have two X chromosomes and males have an X and a Y
Term
autosomes
Definition
any chromosome other than the sex chromosomes
Term
synapsis
Definition
pairing of homologous chromosomes during phase I of meiosis I
Term
crossing over
Definition
exchange of segments between non sister chromatids of a tetrad during meiosis
Term
zygote
Definition
diploid cell formed buy the union of sperm and egg; the product of fertilization
Term
know FIG 8.16
Definition
Term
the hows and whys of genetic variation in meiosis
Definition
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