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Ch. 7.3 - Eukaryotic Cell Structure
Ch. 7.3 - Eukaryotic Cell Structure
17
Biology
10th Grade
01/04/2012

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Term
cell wall
Definition
in plants, the fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provide additional support and protection for the cell
Term
chromatin
Definition
this material is inside the nucleus; it contains the master set of directions for making proteins; it is strands of genetic material called DNA
Term
nucleolus
Definition
this organelle is inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes
Term
chloroplast
Definition
this organelle captures light energy and produces food to store for a later time.
Term
vacuole
Definition
membrane-bound spaces for temporary storage of materials in the cell.
Term
lysosome
Definition
Organelle that contains digestive enzymes; they digest worn out organelles, food particles, and engulf bacteria and viruses.
Term
mitochondria
Definition
membrane-bound organelles in both plant and animal cells that transform energy for the cell.
Term
cytoskeleton
Definition
this is made of both microfilaments and microtubules; it give the cell support.
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
the clear, gelatinous fluid inside the cell; the organelles are suspended in this.
Term
ribosome
Definition
the orgsnelle that makes (assembles) the proteins and enzymes according to the instructions from the DNA.
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
large folded membrane within a cell; it is the site of cellular chemical reactions; it is considered rough when ribosomes are attached and smooth when ribosomes are not present.
Term
Golgi apparatus
Definition
a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.
Term
nuclear envelope
Definition
the membrane surrounding the nucleus; it is similar to the plasma membrane; has opening called nuclear pores in it
Term
nuclear pores
Definition
openings in the nuclear envelope through which the ribosomes leave the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm
Term
cilia
Definition
several finger-like projections from a cell's surface that aids the cell in locomotion
Term
flagella
Definition
a single (or sometimes double) whip-like projection from a cell's surface that aids the cell in locomotion
Term
DNA
Definition
Found inside the cell's nucleus and carries all of the instructions for the cell to make (synthesize) proteins
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