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Ch. 6.3 - Life Substances
Ch. 6.3 - Life Substances
10
Biology
10th Grade
12/09/2011

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Term
isomer
Definition
Compounds that have the same simple formula, but different three dimensional structures
Term
polymer
Definition
a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
an organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for every carbon atom; they are used by cells to store and release energy
Term
lipids
Definition
organic compounds that have a large proportion (much greater than 2 to 1) of C-H bonds and less oxygen than carbohydrates; we also call these fats
Term
protein
Definition
a large, complex polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitogen and usually sulfur; they provide structure for tissues and organs and carry out cell metabolism
Term
amino acids
Definition
the basic building blocks of proteins
Term
peptide bond
Definition
the covalent bond formed between amino acids
Term
enzyme
Definition
a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
a complex macromolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code
Term
nucleotide
Definition
the subunits that make up nucleic acids; they have a phosphate group, a simple sugar, and nitrogen base 
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