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CH54 Fetal Face and Neck
Diagnostic medical Sonography
72
Medical
Undergraduate 2
03/26/2012

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Cards

Term
Fetal cystic hygroma
Definition
malformation of the lymphatic system that leads to single or multiloculated lymph-filled cavities around the neck
Term

Fetal Goiter

(thyromegaly)

Definition
enlargement of the thyroid gland
Term
hemifacial microsomia
Definition
abnormal smallness of one side of the face
Term
holoprosencephaly
Definition
congenital defect caused by an extra chromosome, which causes a deficiency in the forebrain
Term
hypertelorism
Definition
eyes too far apart
Term
hypotelorism
Definition
eyes too close together
Term
macroglossia
Definition
hypertrophies tongue
Term
microcephaly
Definition
head smaller than body
Term
micronathia
Definition
small chin
Term
microphthalmia
Definition
small eyes
Term
nuchal lucency
Definition
increased thickness in the nuchal fold area in the back of the neck associated with trisomy 21
Term
oculodentodigital dysplasia
Definition
underdevelopment of the eyes, fingers, and mouth
Term
octocephaly
Definition
underdevelopment of the jaw that causes the ears to be located close together toward the front of the neck
Term

phenylketonuria

(PKU)

Definition
hereditary disease caused by failure to oxidize an amino acid (phenylalanine) to tyrosine, because of the defective enzyme; if PKU is not treated early, mental retardation can develop
Term
Pierre Robin syndrome
Definition
micrognathia and abnormal smallness of the tongue usually with a cleft palate
Term
Proboscis
Definition
a cylindrical protuberance of the face that in cyclopia or ethmoscephaly represents the nose
Term
strabismus
Definition
eyes disorder in which optic axes cannot be direted to the same object
Term
teratoma
Definition
solid tumor
Term
treacher collins syndrome
Definition
underdevelopment of the jaw and cheek bone and abnormal ears
Term
trigonocephaly
Definition
premature closure of the metopic suture
Term
anophthalmia
Definition
absent eyes
Term
Arhinia
Definition
absence of the nose
Term
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Definition
group of disorders having in common the coexistence of an omphalocele, macroglossia, and visceromegaly
Term
branchial cleft cyst
Definition
a cystic defect that arises from ther primitive branchial apparatus
Term
cephalocele
Definition
protrusion of the brain from the cranial cavity
Term
Craniosynostoses
Definition
Premature closure of the cranial sutures
Term
Dacryocystocele
Definition
cystic dilation of the lacrimal sac ar the nasocanthal angle
Term
Exophthalmia
Definition
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Term
40 days
Definition
Formation of face and neck usually completed by when?
Term
Frontal bone
Definition
The Fetal Foredhead is also known as what?
Term
transvaginally
Definition
The fetal profile is best imaged how?
Term
late first trimester to early second trimester
Definition
Fetal profile is best imaged when?
Term
cephaloceles
Definition
The view of the forehead/frontal bone helps diagnose what?
Term
hypertelorism
Definition
Cephaloceles may cause what to eyes?
Term
craniosynostosis
Definition
premature closure of any or all six cranial sutures and causes the fetal cranium to become abnormally shapes
Term
clover-leaf skull
Definition
misshaped skull, associated with thanatophoric dysplasia (form of dwarfism)
Term
Frontal bossing
Definition
Lemon-shaped skull or absent, depressed nasal bridge. Associated with spina bifida
Term
Strawberry-shaped cranium
Definition
Bulging of frontal bones, associated with trisomy 18
Term
11-14/10-14 weeks
Definition
When is nuchal translucency measured?
Term
jugular vein
Definition
Nomally the lymphatic vessels empty where?
Term
Turner's Syndrome
Definition
High incidence fo large cystic hygromas have been demonstrated with what?
Term
Macroglossia
Definition
Found with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Term
micronathia
Definition
associated with chromosomal anomalies, such as trisomy 18 or triploidy
Term
cleft lip
Definition
most common congenital anomaly of the face
Term
cleft lip
Definition
occurs when the primary and secondary palate fail to fuse
Term
cleft palate
Definition
occurs when the lateral palatine processes fail to fuse in the midline
Term
anophthalmia
Definition
absent eyes
Term
arhinia
Definition
absence of the nose
Term
beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Definition
group of diorders having in common the coexistence of an omphalocele, macroglossia, and visceromegaly
Term
brachial cleft cyst
Definition
cystic defect that arises from the primitive brachial apparatus
Term
cephalocele
Definition
protrusion of the brain from the cranial cavity
Term
craniosynostoses
Definition
premature closure of the cranial cavity
Term
dacryocystocele
Definition
cystic dilation of the lacrimal sac at the nasocanthal angle
Term
epignathus
Definition
teratoma located in the oropharynx
Term
exophthalmia
Definition
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Term
fetal cystic hygroma
Definition
malmformation of the lymphatic system that leads to single or multiloculated lymph-filled cavities around the neck
Term

fetal goiter

(thyromegaly)

Definition
enlargement of the thyroid gland
Term
hemifacial microsomia
Definition
abnormal smallness of one side of the face
Term
holoprosencephaly
Definition
congenital defect caused by an extra chromosome, which causes a deficiency in the forebrain
Term
macroglossia
Definition
hypertrophied tongue
Term
micrognathia
Definition
small chin
Term
microphthalmia
Definition
small eyes
Term
nuchal lucency
Definition
increased thickness in the nuchal fold area in the back of the neck associated with trisomy 21
Term
oculodentodigital dysplasia
Definition
underdevelopment of the eyes, fingers, and mouth
Term
octocephaly
Definition
underdevelopment of the jaw that causes the ears to be located close together toward the front of the neck
Term

phenylketonuria

(PKU)

Definition
hereditary disease caused by failure to oxidize an amino acid (phenylalanine) to tyrosine, because of a defective enzyme; if PKU is not treated early, mental retardation can develop
Term
Pierre Robin syndrome
Definition
micrognathia and abnormal smallness of the tongue usually with a cleft palate
Term
proboscis
Definition
a cylindrical protuberance of the face that in cyclopia or ethmocephaly represents the nose
Term
strabismus
Definition
eye disorder in which optic axes cannot be directed to the same object
Term
teratoma
Definition
solid tumor
Term
treacher collins syndrome
Definition
underdevelopment of the jaw and cheek bone and abnormal ears
Term
trigonocephaly
Definition
premature closure of the metopic suture
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