Term
| define Population Ecology |
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Definition
| study o/ populations in relation to their environment |
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Term
| what is a population. and what are the 3 characteristics of a population |
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Definition
it is a group of individuals of a single species living in the same general area.
3 characteristics=DDD
density, dispersion, and demographics |
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Term
| how do you find a population's density? |
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Definition
| calculate # of individuals per unit of area/volume |
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Term
| what are the events that chagne the number of people within a population? |
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Definition
| birth, death, immigration, emigration |
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Term
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Definition
| the pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population |
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Term
| what are the diff. patterns of dispersion |
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Definition
Clumped=aggregated in patches
uniform=even; resulting from antagonistic social interactions (ie territoriality)
random=position is independent of others |
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Term
| how common is each pattern of dispersion |
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Definition
clumped=most
uniform=some
random=rare |
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Term
| when is a random pattern of dispersion likely? |
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Definition
| when abiotic factors are homogenous |
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Term
| define life history traits |
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Definition
| traits that affect an organism's schedule of reproduction & survival |
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Term
| what are limiting factors for reproduction and survival? |
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Definition
| time energy and nutrients |
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Term
| when do populations have the potential to expand |
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Definition
| when resources are abundant |
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Term
| when is there exponential growth |
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Definition
| under ideal conditions. think, exponential graphs are the fastest growing :: best conditions |
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Term
| how do you calculate the change in population size? |
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Definition
| (births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration) |
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Term
| how do you calculate birth rate per capita? |
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Definition
| birth rate per individual = #ofBirths divided by PopulationSize |
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Term
| how do you calculate the per capita rate of increase? |
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Definition
r = rate of increase ::
r = birth per capita - deaths per capita
r = b - d |
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Term
| what does an exponential growth curve look like? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does a population experience that typically results in exponential growth? |
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Definition
| introduction a to a new environment |
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Term
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Definition
| max population size that a particular environment can sustain |
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Term
| what is the logistic growth model indicative of? |
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Definition
| population is approaching the carrying capacity |
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Term
| what is r and K selection referring to? |
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Definition
| whether it is more advantageous for an organism to make greater quantity or quality of offspring |
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Term
| define r-selected organisms |
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Definition
| produce many offspring which sacrifices the quality of the these offspring |
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Term
| define K-selected organisms |
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Definition
| produce fewer, higher-quality offspring |
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Term
| when is r-selection favored? |
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Definition
| high growth rate, less competition, space availability, unstable environment |
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Term
| what are the traits of r organisms that allow them to thrive in environments where selection is in their favor? |
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Definition
| high fecundity(ability to reproduce), small body size, early maturity onset, short generation time |
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Term
| why is population growth density-dependent? |
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Definition
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Term
| factors that regulate population growth |
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Definition
| competition for resources, territoriality, preadation, diesase, toxic waste |
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