Term
| Functions of the Integumentary System |
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Definition
Procection
Sensation Temperature Regulation
Metabolic Functions
Minor Role in excretion |
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Term
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Definition
Epidermis (outermost)
Dermis (85% of skin, middle region)
Hypodermis (superficial fascia..deepest region) |
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Term
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Definition
Subcutaneous layer deep to the skin
Composed of adipose and areolar connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
Below epidermis
Strong flexible connective tissue
fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells in white blood cells
2 layers- papillary, and reticular |
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Term
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Definition
Areolar connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers
superior surgave contains projections- dermal papillae |
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Term
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Definition
80% of thickness
Collagen fibers and add strength and resiliency to the skin
Elastin fibers provide stretch-recoil properties |
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Term
| Metabolic Functions of Integumentary System Include |
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Definition
Vitamin D production (needed for bone and calcium metabolism)
Activate or transform steroid hormone
Chemical conversions |
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Term
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Definition
Keratinocytes- prodice fibrous keratin
Melanocytes-produce brown pigment
Langerhan's cells-epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system
Merkel cells- functions as touch, sensory nerve endings |
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Term
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Definition
Shaft is above the surface of the skin, and the hair root is below the skin surface.
The base of the root is enlarged to form the hair bulb.
In the bulb, the area known as the matrix produces the hair itself.
The medulla is the central core of the hair.
The cortex forms the bulk of the hair and lies between the medulla and the
Cuticle which is a single layer of cells which forms the outer surface of the hair.
The hair follicle consists of a dermal root sheath and an epithelial root sheath. |
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Term
| What layer of the Epithelium contains dead cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Stratum Basale (basal Layer) |
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Definition
Deepest
Single Row of youngest keratinocytes
Rapid division (stratum germinativum) |
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Term
Stratum Spinosum
(Prickly Layer) |
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Definition
Weblike System of intermediate filaments attached to desmosomes( allows cells to communicate)
Thickest part of skin
Melanin and Langerhan's cells (skin color) |
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Term
Stratum Granulosum
(Granular Layer) |
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Definition
Thin: 3-5 cells thick
Keratohayline and lamellated granules |
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Term
Stratum Lucidum
(Clear Layer) |
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Definition
Thin, transparent band (superficial to the stratum granulosum)
Consist of a few rows of flat, dead keratinocytes
Present only in thick skin
-soles of feet, palms of hands, fingertips |
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Term
Layers of the Skin
(Deep to Superficial) |
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Definition
Basale
Spinosum
Granulosum
Lucidum
Corneum |
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Term
Stratum Corneum
(Horny Layer) |
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Definition
Outermost layer
3/4 of skin
Functions:
-waterproofing
-protection from abrasion and penetration
-rendering the body relatively insensitive to biological, chemical, and physical assaults |
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Term
| Which 3 Pigments contribute to skin color |
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Definition
Melanin- yellow to reddish- brown to black
Carotene- yellow to orange pigment (palms, or soles of feet)
Hemoglobin- reddish pigment, pinkish hue of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
lanugo (peach fuz)
terminal hair |
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Term
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Definition
found all over body
soften skin
secrete an oily secretion called "sebum" |
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Term
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Definition
Eccrine- found in palms,soles of feet
Apocrine- found in axillary and angogenital
Ceruminous- modified apocrine in external ear canal
Mamary glands- specialized sweat glanda that secrete milk |
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Term
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Definition
Basal cell carcinoma (most common)
Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma |
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Term
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Definition
| The little crescent-shaped area seen proximally beneath the nail body |
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Term
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Definition
| The nail root and body attach to the nail bed, the proximal portion,which is responsible for nail growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Below nail, thickened stratum corenum that lies beneath the free end of the nail body |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed by the stratum corneum of the nail fold |
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Term
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Definition
| Covers the lateral and proximal end of the nail |
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Term
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Definition
9-head
18- trunk
1- genetalia
18- lower limbs
9- upper limbs |
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Term
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Definition
1st degree- damage to epidermis only
2nd degree- damage to epidermis and slight to moderate damage to dermis
3rd degree- damage everything to basal layer |
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Term
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Definition
Support
Protection
Movement
Mineral Storage (Calcium & Phosphorous)
Blood cell Formation -Marrow of bones |
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Term
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Definition
Provides support, flexibility, and resilience
Most abundant skeletal cartilages
Present in these cartilage
-Articular
-Costal
-Respiratory
-Nasal |
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Term
Things I apparently know
(about cartilage) |
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Definition
Perichondrium
Chondroblasts- produce matrix
Chondrocytes- mature chondroblasts |
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Term
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Definition
Appositional-starting at one spot and pushing out (opposition)
Interstitial- lacunae- bound chondroctyes inside the cartilage divide and secrete new matrix
Calcification (changing of cartilage to bone) of cartilage occurs
-During normal bone growth
-During old age |
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Term
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Definition
Epiphyses
-expanded ends of long bones
-exterior is compact bone, and the interior is spongy, (cancellous) bone
-joint surface is covered with articular (hyaline) cartilage
-epiphyseal plate-->site of growth in length |
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Term
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Definition
Filled with bone marrow
-red marrow (hematopoesis)
-yellow marrow (mostly adipose) |
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Term
Hematpoietic Tissue
Red Marrow
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Definition
In Infants- found in medullary cavity & spongy bone
In adults- found in the diploe of flat bone, and the head of the femur and humerus. |
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Term
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Definition
Periosteum- double layered protective membrane
-outer fibrous layer
-inner osteogenic layer is compose of osteoblasts and osteoclasts
-richly supplied with nerve fibers, blood & lymphatic vessels, which enter the bone via nutrient foramin
-secured by Sharpey's fibers
Endosteum- delicate, internal surfaces to the bone |
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