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Ch. 3-Nations and Society
N/A
25
Political Studies
Undergraduate 2
09/05/2017

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Term
Anarchism
Definition
A political ideology that stresses the elimination of the state and private property as a way to achieve both freedom and equality for all.
Term
Citizenship
Definition
An individual's relationship to the state, wherein citizens swear allegiance to that state and the state in return is obligated to provide rights to those citizens.
Term
Communism
Definition
A political-economic system in which all wealth and property are shared so as to eliminate exploitation, oppression, and ultimately, the need for political institutions such as the state. A political ideology that advocates such a system.
Term
Conservatives
Definition
Those with a political attitude that is skeptical of change and supports the current order.
Term
Culture
Definition
Basic institutions that define a society.
Term
Ethnic Conflict
Definition
A conflict in which different ethnic groups struggle to achieve certain political or economic goals at each other's expense.
Term
Ethnic Identity/Ethnicity
Definition
Specific attributes and societal institutions that make one group of people culturally different from others.
Term
Fascism
Definition
A political ideology that asserts the superiority and inferiority of different groups of people and stresses a low degree of both freedom and equality in order to achieve a powerful state.
Term
Fundamentalism
Definition
A view of religion as absolute and inerrant that should be legally enforced by making faith the sovereign authority.
Term
Liberal Democracy
Definition
A political system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty and emphasizes individual freedom and civil rights.
Term
Liberalism
Definition
A political attitude that favors evolutionary transformation. An ideology and political system that favors a limited state role in society and the economy and places a high priority on individual political and economic freedom.
Term
Liberals
Definition
Those with a political attitude that favors evolutionary change and believes that existing institutions can be instruments of positive change.
Term
Nation
Definition
A group that desires self-government through an independent state.
Term
National Conflict
Definition
A state encompassing one dominant nation that it claims to embody and represent.
Term
National Identity
Definition
A sense of belonging to a nation and a belief in its political aspirations.
Term
Nationalism
Definition
Pride in one's people and the belief that they have a unique political destiny.
Term
Nation-State
Definition
A state encompassing one dominant nation that it claims to embody and represent.
Term
Patriotism
Definition
Pride in one's state.
Term
Political Attitude
Definition
Description of one's views regarding the speed and methods with which political changes should take place in a given society.
Term
Political Culture
Definition
The basic norms for political activity in a society.
Term
Political Ideology
Definition
The basic values held by an individual about the fundamental goals of politics or the ideal balance of freedom and equality.
Term
Radicals
Definition
Those with a political attitude that favors dramatic, often revolutionary change.
Term
Reactionary
Definition
Someone who seeks to restore the institutions of a real or imagined earlier order.
Term
Social Democracy
Definition
A political-economic system in which freedom and equality are balanced through the state's management of the economy and the provision of social expenditures. A political ideology that advocates such a system.
Term
Society
Definition
Complex human organization; a collection of people bound by shared institutions that define how human relations should be conducted.
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