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Ch. 2
Test 2
53
Pharmacology
Not Applicable
02/08/2015

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
absorption
Definition
the process by which a substance moves into the bloodstream from the site where it was administered
Term
adverse reaction
Definition
is a severe sick effect such as shock or death
Term
agonist
Definition
drug that when taken with another drug so the two can work together
Term
antagonist
Definition
drugs do the opposite by rendering another drug less powerful
Term
biotrasnformation/metabolism
Definition
how our body breaks the medication down into usable components and waste products
Term
distribution
Definition
second phase of drug cycle: which is the delivery of a drug to the appropriate site after the drug has been absorbed into the bloodstream.
Term
excretion
Definition
ensures that waste products are removed and do not build up on the body (called cumulation)
Term
half-life
Definition
legnth of time required for its concentraion of a drug to decrease by one-half in the blood plasma and therefore affects the duration of potency for a medication
Term
idiosyncratic
Definition
a uniquereaction of a drug
Term
Pharmocokinetics
Definition
the study of metabolism and action of drugs
Term
receptors
Definition
sites where the medication binds to create a physiological effect
Term
side effects
Definition
usually mild, effects of medicaion
Term
synergism
Definition
when a drug is more powerful than when each drug is taken separately
Term
teratogenic
Definition
interferes with normal fetal development
Term
toxic
Definition
poisonous from too much medication
Term
enterally, parenterally, percutaneously
Definition
3 ways a drug can be administered
Term
directly into GI system: orally, rectally, tube into system
Definition
EXs of enteral
Term
IM, IB, subcu, intradermal injections
Definition
EX of parenteral
Term
inhalation, sublingual, topical, transdermal
Definition
EX of per-cutaneous
Term
intravenous
Definition
fastest way to blood supply
Term
Desitin/ Balmex
Definition
EX of topical
Term
Tattooed arm
Definition
what can hinder possible absoroption?
Term
bio-availability
Definition
how much of the drug is absorbed for use
Term
1. fat/lipid solubility
2. pH
3. concentration of the medicaion
4. length of contact
5. Age
6. Food
7. Depth of breathing
Definition
what are the SEVEN factors that can effect the absorption rate
Term
1. blood-placental
2. blood-brain
3. blood-testicular
Definition
Name the 3 barriers that can prohibit medication from passing through them
Term
water-soluble
Definition
what type of drug does NOT cross the blood-placental barrier?
Term
1. blood-bran barrier
2. blood-testicular
Definition
Many psychotropic drugs have negative sexual effects because they cross what two barriers?
Term
The liver, kidney, and intestines
Definition
3 parts of the body that metabolize drugs
Term
prodrug
Definition
a drug administered in its inactive form to become activated through metabolism (bc the metabolite is the desired treatment)
Term
fosamprenavir (Lexiva) used in the fight against HIV
Definition
EX of a prodrug
Term
kidney
Definition
where excretion mainly occurs
Term
bile, gas by lungs, saliva, sweat glands, and breast milk
Definition
Name 5 ways drugs can be excreted
Term
therapeutic level
Definition
point at which the drug has the maximum desired effect
Term
gentamicin (antibiotic that is nephrotoxic and ototoxic
Definition
name a drug that needs to be monitored for toxicity
Term
nephrotoxic
Definition
toxic to the kidneys
Term
ototoxic
Definition
toxic to the ears
Term
potency
Definition
a drugs power/stregnth
Term
Tylenol with codeine (used for pain relief, and to diminish cough reflex)
Definition
EX of synergistic medicine
Term
antibiotics (makes BC less effective)
Definition
EX of antagonist
Term
penicillin
Definition
tetracycline because ineffective if taken with what drug?
Term
Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine)- muscle relxatant
Definition
what medication causes dizziness and drowsiness along with its intended action?
Term
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eye)
Definition
undetected liver damage can show what s/s?
Term
alcohol, acetaminophen, isoniazid, and aspirin
Definition
4 drugs that can cause liver damage
Term
anti-inflammatory drugs
Definition
taking these long term can cause ulcers
Term
misoprostol (cytotec)
Definition
what drug can be given to prevent the side effect of ulcers?
Term
smoking
Definition
What should patients cease in order to prevent ulcers?
Term
non steroidal anti-inflammatory (ibuprofen)
Definition
these medications can cause damage to the kidney
Term
BUN (blood urea nitrogen)
Definition
Test to determine kidney function
Term
eyes
Definition
Oxygen can be very damaging to the ___
Term
anticancer
Definition
these drugs are toxic to bone marrow
Term
Coumadin
Definition
Patients on this med should be monitored for bleeding, dark tarry stools
Term
united states pharmacopoeial national formulary
Definition
USP/NF
Term
united states pharacopoeial/ dispensing information
Definition
USP/DI
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