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Ch. 23 Vocab
Vocab
30
History
11th Grade
02/06/2012

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Bicameral
Definition
Relative to a two-house legislative body
Term
Block Grant
Definition
A grant of money to a state or local government for a general purpose
Term
Bond
Definition
a government security
Term
Civil Case
Definition
one usually involving a dispute between two or more private individuals or organizations
Term
Conservation
Definition
holding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in politics and religion
Term
Constitutional Commission
Definition
a group of experts appointed to a study a state constitution and recommend changes
Term
Constitutional Convention
Definition
a gathering of citizens elected to consider changing or replacing a constitution
Term
Corporate Character
Definition
a document that gives a corporation legal status
Term
Criminal Case
Definition
one in which the state brings charges against a citizen for violating the law
Term
Excise Tax
Definition
tax on the manufacture, transportation, sale, or consumption of certain items such as gasoline, liquor, or cigarettes
Term
Extradition
Definition
the legal procedure through which a person accused of a crime who has fled to another state is returned to the state where the crime took place
Term
Federal Tax
Definition
comparison of tax rates around the world is difficult and somewhat subjective
Term
House Arrest
Definition
a sentence that requires an offender to stay at home except for certain functions the court permits
Term
Initiative
Definition
a method by which citizens propose a constitutional amendment or a law
Term
Intergovernmental Revenue
Definition
revenue distributed by one level of government to another
Term
Item Veto
Definition
the power to turn down a particular item in a bill without vetoing the entire bill
Term
Lieutenant Governor
Definition
the presiding officer of the upper house in some state legislatures
Term
Mandate
Definition
a formal order given by a higher authority
Term
Mandatory Sentencing
Definition
a system of fixed, required terms of imprisonment for certain types of crimes
Term
Parole
Definition
means by which a prisoner is allowed to serve the rest of a sentence in the community under the supervision of a parole officer
Term
Plurality
Definition
the largest number of votes in an election
Term
Progressive Tax
Definition
tax based on a taxpayer's ability to pay
Term
Proportional Tax
Definition
tax that is assessed at the same rate for everyone
Term
Public Utility
Definition
an organization that supplies such necessities as electricity, gas, or telephone services
Term
Regressive Tax
Definition
tax whereby people with lower incomes pay larger portion of their income
Term
Shock Incarceration
Definition
a prison program involving shorter sentences in a highly structured environment where offenders participate in work, community service, education, and counseling
Term
Shock Probation
Definition
program designed to show young offenders how terrible prison life is, by means of brief incarceration followed by supervised release
Term
Unemployment Compensation
Definition
payments by a state to workers who lose their jobs
Term
Victim Compensation
Definition
a program in many states whereby the state government provides financial aid to victims of certain crimes
Term
Worker's Compensation
Definition
payments by a state to people who are unable to work as a result of job-related injury or ill health
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