process of getting information into the memory system

a. retrieval

b. storage

c. encoding

retaining information in memory over time

a. retrieval

b. storage

c. encoding

unconscious process of encoding certain information without effort

a. effortful processing

b. automatic processing

c. semantic processing

encoding that requires attention and conscious effect

a. automatic processing

b. semantic processing

c. effortful processing

conscious repetition of information

a. retrieval

b. encoding

c. rehearsal 

continuing to rehearse even after it has been mastered/memorized

a. encoding

b. overlearning

c. overencoding 

tendency to recall the first and last items in a list more easily

a. serial encoding effect

b. serial number position

c. serial position effect

spreading rehearsal out in several sessions separated by period of time

a. mass practice

b. distributed practice

c. spacial practice

putting all rehearsal together in one long session (cramming)

a. mass practice

b. distributed practice

c. cramming practice

encoding of meaning 

a. visual encoding

b. semantic encoding

c. acoustic encoding

encoding information based on the sounds of the information

a. acoustic encoding

b. semantic encoding

c. visual encoding

encoding information based on the images of the information

a. acoustic encoding

b. semantic encoding

c. visual encoding

semantic encoding of information that is personally relevant

a. personal-reference effect

b. self-reference effect

c. self-relevant effect

a memory trick or technique

a. mnemonic trick

b. memory device

c. mnemonic device

mnemonic device in which you associate items you want to remember with imaginary places

a. peg word

b. method of loci

c. chunking

mnemonic device in which you associate items you want to remember with a list of words you already have memorized

a. method of loci

b. peg-word system

c. chunking

organizing information into meaningful units

a. peg-word

b. method of loci

c. chunking

brief, initial coding of sensory information in the memory system

a. short term memory

b. long term memory

sensory memory

memory system that contains information you are consciously aware of before it is stored more permanently or forgotten

a. short term memory

b. sensory memory

c. long term memory

relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system

a. sensory memory

b. long term memory

c. short term memory

vivid, clear memory of emotionally significant moment or event

a. wattbulb memory

b. flashwatt memory

c. flashbulb memory 

memory of facts and experiences

a. permastore memory

b. explicit memory

c. implicit memory

memory of skills and procedures

a. permastore memory

b. explicit memory

c. implicit memory

type of retrieval in which you must search for information that you previously stored

a. retrieval

b. recall

c. recognition

type of retrieval in which must identify items learned earlier

a. retrieval

b. recall

c. recognition

long-term memories that are resistant to forgetting and likely to last lifetime

a. short term 

b. long term

c. permastore 

retrieval problem when one memory gets in the way of another memory

a. proactive interference

b. interference

c. retroactive interference 

when an OLD memory disrupts the recall of a new memory

a. proactive interference

b. interference

c. retroactive interference

when a RECENT memory disrupts the recall of an older memory

a. proactive interference

b. interference

c. retroactive interference

incorporating misleading information into a memory or event (false memory)

a. misleading effect

b. misinformation effect

c. misincorporation effect