Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer of trachea that has pseudostratified epithelium and goblet cells. also has cilia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer of trachea deep to mucosa that consists of connective tissue. contains seromucous glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer of trachea reinforced internally by 16 to 20 C shaped rings of hyaline cartilage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle that constricts trachea, causing air to rush outward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spar of cartilage that marks the end of trachea and beginning of the two main bronchi. Mucosa here is very sensitive |
|
|
Term
cartiaginous rings to plates of cartilage then none.
pseudostratified columnar to columnar to cuboida. cilia becomes sparser.
amount of smooth muscle around the bronchi and bronchioles increases. |
|
Definition
| changes over time from trachea to terminal bronchioles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area in lungs where air travels but is not taken into body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area in lungs where air travels into body cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bronchioles that occur after terminal bronchioles. contain alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| terminal alveoli are called this |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flimsy squamous cells of alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| squamous tissue and capillary bed surrounding; fused basement membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secrete surfactant; reduces surface tension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| connect adjacent alveoli and equalize lung pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clean up debris and bacteria in the alveoli. crawl around freely. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin double layers serosa. parietal on thoracic wall and visceral on the lungs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surface tension of pleural fluid causes this space to remain small. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| term for inflammation of the pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure within the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure in pleural cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air in the intrapleural space causing collapse of a lung. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease in newborns when surfactant in lungs in insufficient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the change in lung volume that occurs at a given transpulmonary pressure |
|
|
Term
| Daltons Law of partial pressures |
|
Definition
| total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the independent pressures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gas in contact with liquid will dissolve according to its partial pressure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effect of co2, h+, and heat on gas exchange (makes sense if you think about it) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| too few RBCs or deficient RBCs that results in poor oxygen transport |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood circulation is impaired or blocked, resulting in poor oxygen transport |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body cells unable to use O2 even when available. Usually due to metabolic poisins like cyanide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduced arterial O2 pressure leading to poor O2 transport. multiple causes |
|
|
Term
| carbon monoxide poisoning |
|
Definition
| the result of even miniscule amounts of CO in the area of a persons breathing. (CO has 200 times higher affinity than O2 to hemoglobin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rapid movement of Cl- into RBCs following bicarbonate ions exit from RBCs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enzyme found in RBCs that reversibly catalyzes the change from CO2 to carbonic acid to bicarbonate ion/hydrogen ion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| greater ability of reduced hemoglobin to pick up CO2. |
|
|
Term
| carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system |
|
Definition
| important system within the blood for resisting chane of blood pH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| term for normal respiratory rhythm |
|
|
Term
| pontine respiratory group |
|
Definition
| area in pons that acts on ventral respiratory group (VRG), which controls rate and rhythm of breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high levels of blood CO2, and thus high levels of H+ ion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aortic and carotid bodies |
|
Definition
| areas sensitive to arterial PO2 levels. |
|
|
