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Ch. 2 Vocab Quiz
N/A
29
Sociology
Undergraduate 3
02/13/2012

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Cards

Term
beliefs
Definition
shared ideas held collectively by people within a given culture
Term
counterculture
Definition
subculture created as a reaction against the values of the dominant culture
Term
cultural capital
Definition
cultural resources that are socially designated as being worth and that give advantages to groups possessing such capital 
Term
cultural diffusion
Definition
the transmission of cultural elements from one society or culture group to another
Term
cultural hegemony
Definition
the pervasive and excessive influence of one culture througout society
Term
cultural relativism
Definition
the idea that something can be understood and judged only in relationship to the cultural context in which it appears
Term
culture
Definition
the complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the way of life for a given group or society
Term
culture lag
Definition
the delay in cultural adjustments to changing social conditions
Term
culture shock
Definition
the feeling or disorientation that can come when one encoutners a new or rapidly changed cultural situation
Term
dominant culture
Definition
the culture of the most powerful group in society
Term
ethnocentrism
Definition
the belief that one's in-group is superior to all out-groups
Term
ethnomenthodology
Definition
the technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy
Term
folkways
Definition
the general standards of behavior adhered to by a group
Term
language 
Definition
a set of symbols and rules that when put together in a meaninful way proveides a complex communication system
Term
laws 
Definition
the written sense of guidelines that define what is right and wrong in society
Term
mass media
Definition
channels of communication that are available to very wide segments of the population
Term
mores
Definition
strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior
Term
nonmaterial culture
Definition
the norms, laws, customs, ideas and beliefs of a group of people
Term
material culture
Definition
the objects created in a given society
Term
norms
Definition
the specific cultural expectations for how to act in a given situation
Term
popular culture
Definition
the beliefs, practices and objects that are apart of everyday traditions
Term
relfection hypothesis
Definition
the idea that the mass media refelct the values of the general population
Term
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Definition
a theory that language deteremines other aspects of culture since language provides the categories through which social reality is defined and received
Term
social sanctions
Definition
mechanisms of social control that enforce norms
Term
subculture
Definition
the culture of groups whose values and norms of behavior are somewhat different from thsoe of the dominant culture
Term
symbols
Definition
things or behavior to which people give meaning
Term
taboo
Definition
those behaviors that bring the most serious sanctions
Term
values
Definition
the abstract standards in a society or group that define ideal principles
Term
global culture
Definition
the diffusion of a single culture throughout the world
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