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Ch. 2 & 3
Organic Chemistry
30
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/17/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
occurs in several forms and may be converted from one form to another
Definition
Energy
Term
Name the 5 types of Energy
Definition
  • Chemical
  • Electrical
  • Mechanical
  • Light
  • Sound
Term
the Ph scale ranges from
Definition
0-14
Term
anything w/ a Ph value below 7 is considered
Definition
an Acidic Solution
Term
Anything w/ a Ph value above 7 is considered
Definition
a basic solution
Term
a universal solvent that has an uneven distribution of charges
Definition
Water
Term

each molecule has a


and a
end

Definition

positive

and a

negative

Term

substances that interact readily with water

ex. table sugar, salt

Definition
Hydrophilic
Term

substances that will NOT mix with water

ex. Oil

Definition
Hydrophobic
Term
the sticking of water molecules to each other
Definition
Cohesion
Term
the ability of water molecules to stick to other substances
Definition
Adhesion
Term
the ability of water to move in narrow tubes against gravity
Definition
Capillary Action
Term
as the body heats up, water molecules travel faster and faster and finally seperate from the body and evaporate into the air
Definition
Temperature Moderation
Term
Name the 4 major groups of organic compounds
Definition
  • carbohydrates
  • lipids
  • proteins
  • nucleic acids
Term
  • Quick energy foods
  • sugars and starches
Definition
Carbohydrates
Term

simple sugars

 

ex. Glucose

Definition
monosaccharides
Term
doubl
Definition
Term
energy source for most organisms
Definition
glucose
Term

double sugars

 

ex. table sugar, milk sugar

Definition
Disaccharides
Term
many sugars
Definition
polysaccharides
Term
energy storage in plants
Definition
starches
Term
most abundant carbohydrate. accounts for 50% of all carbon in plants
Definition
Cellulose
Term
  • stores energy, insulates, cushions organs
  • Hyrdophobic
  • may be saturated or unsaturated

 

Definition
Lipids
Term
  • mayjor structural componant of cells and tissues
  • fights infection
  • involved in all levels of metabolism
Definition
Proteins
Term
molecules that accelerate the thousands of different chemical reactions that take place in an organism
Definition
Enzyme
Term
chemical being broken down
Definition
substrate
Term
transmits hereditary info. and determines what proteins a cell manufactures
Definition
Nucleic Acids
Term
provides a master copy of an organisms information code
Definition

DNA

or

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Term
forms a copy of DNA to be taken to the ribosomes for protein formation
Definition

RNA

or

Ribonucleic Acid

Term
forms a copy of DNA to be taken to the ribosomes for protein formation
Definition

RNA

or

Ribonucleic Acid

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