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people came by great steamboats across the atlantic; disrupted economies from cheap produce in America meant poor conditions in much of Europe; religious and political persecution brought people in;
entered through New York City; very few immigrants rejected; more immigrants from Italy and Russia |
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| stopped immigration of chinese because there were too many competing for gold and gold was getting more scarce-eliminate the competition; blamed chinese for depressed wage levels |
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| most people became citizens to be absorbed into the melting pot |
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| 24 to 32 four room apartments on a plot of ground only 25 by 100 feet |
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| a reporter that wrote How the Other Half Lives...a study of life in the slums in 1890 |
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used to replace horsecars that were very expensive to maaintain...trolleys were cheaper and less unsigntly; quieter than trains; electric
by 1895 some 850 lines hauled city dwellers over 10,000 miles of track-quickly centralized; 5 cents per ride was standard |
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| athletic director and football coach at Yale; gave most of the game's modern character; limited to 11 on the fied, scrimmage line, 4 down system, quarter back; first all-american teams |
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| preached to improve living conditions rather than saving souls-advocated civil service reform, child labor legislation, regulations of big corporations, and heavy taxes on incomes and inheritances |
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community centers in poor districts that provided guidance and services to all who would use them well-to-do young people that lived in the houses and were active in the neighborhood affairs
Toynebee Hall in London then the NEighborhood Guild in NYC |
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owns the Hull House in Chicago in 1889-a settlement house
also developed cultural program that had all sorts of classes in the arts-improved public services and for social legislation |
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