Term
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Definition
| Efferent vessels of the cardiovascular system that carries blood away from the heart |
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Definition
| A small branch of an artery leading into the capillaries |
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Definition
| Short vessels that link arterioles to capillaries |
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Definition
| Microscopic, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the arterioles to the venules |
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Definition
| Short vessels that link capillaries to veins |
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Definition
| Afferent blood vessels of the cardiovascular system that carry blood towards the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Innermost layer of the blood vessel |
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Definition
| Single layer of epithelial cells that act as a selectively permeable barrier that secretes vasoconstrictors and repels blood cells and platelets to let them flow freely and not stick to vessel walls |
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Term
| Internal Elastic Membrane/Lamina |
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Definition
| Membrane made of elastic fibers to stretch more than 100% of its size and is the outermost layer of the Tunica Interna that is found only in the artery |
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Definition
| Middle layer of the blood vessel made of smooth muscle, elastin and collagen fibers for vasoconstriction and vasodilation |
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Term
| External Elastic Membrane/Lamina |
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Definition
| Membrane found only in some arteries, especially in the bigger elastic arteries |
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Term
| Tunica Externa/Adventitia |
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Definition
| Outermost layer, made of loose connective tissue, mainly collagen and elastin fibers that helps anchor the vessels |
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Definition
| Most common and least permeable capillary |
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Definition
| Vessel with large pores/holes to increase permeability which makes it excel at areas of active filtration |
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Term
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Definition
| Most permeable vessel so they can absorb many nutrients and for large substances to leave through the large holes/pores |
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Definition
| An area filled with interweaving capillaries with pre-capillary sphincters |
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Definition
| Formation made from smooth muscles found in the Capillary Bed/Networks that will constrict and block blood flow in order to make sure the body gets the least amount of blood necessary to maintain homeostasis |
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Definition
| The direct flow between the Metarteriole and Venule that bypasses most of the Capillary Network/Bed to create a Vascular Shunt |
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Term
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Definition
| The most direct way through a Capillary Bed/Network that requires the least amount of effort required by the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Folds in the Tunica Interna that has 2 flaps that overlap to prevent back flow of the blood |
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Term
| Bulk Flow/Capillary Exchange |
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Definition
| The exchange of substances between the capillaries and interstitial fluid of the tissues |
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Term
| Starling's Law of the Capillaries |
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Definition
| Whether fluid moves in or out depends on these forces (Net Osmotic and Hydrostatic Pressure) and how they relate to each other |
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Term
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Definition
| Extracellular matrix that cells float around in |
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Term
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Definition
| The total Hydrostatic Pressure between the Capillary and Interstitial fluid Hydrostatic Pressure created from the blood pushing against the walls of the blood vessels |
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Term
| Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure |
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Definition
| The Hydrostatic Pressure from the blood slamming against the walls of capillaries attempting to leave the vessel |
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Term
| Interstitial Space Hydrostatic Pressure |
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Definition
| The Hydrostatic Pressure in the Interstitial Space that pushes against the Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| The total Osmotic Pressure between the Capillary and Interstitial Fluid Osmotic Pressure that is generated from the plasma proteins in the Interstitial Fluid |
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Term
| Blood/Capillary Colloid Osmotic Pressure (BCOP) |
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Definition
| The osmotic pressure inside the blood vessel that pulls solutes into the capillaries |
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Term
| Interstitial Fluid Osmotic Pressure |
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Definition
| The Osmotic Pressure in the Interstitial Space that attempts to push the solutes away from the capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| The difference between the Net Osmotic Pressure and Net Hydrostatic Pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| The difference between Systolic and Diastolic Pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| A measure of the force blood exerts against the blood vessel walls |
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Term
| Systolic Arterial Pressure |
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Definition
| The measurement of pressure in the arteries during ventricular systole |
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Term
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Definition
| The measurement of pressure in the arteries during ventricular systole |
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Term
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Definition
| The most common method of blood pressure measurement |
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Definition
| The cuff that physicians wrap around their patient's arm and pump air into in order to block the blood flow in the patient's arm |
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Definition
| Medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing |
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Definition
| The sounds of blood flowing that appear and disappear as the sphygmomanometer is inflated and deflated |
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Definition
| Dilated veins with stretched vessel walls and incompetent valves that increase the risk of a thrombus or embolus |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the veins |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the veins caused by a blood clot |
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Term
| Deep vein Thrombosis (DVT)/Economy-Class Syndrome |
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Definition
| Formation of blood clots in deep veins that usually come from sitting in long flights, cramped space, or prolonged sitting |
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Term
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Definition
| Dead tissue caused by a bacterial infection in the tissue that cause swelling and blistering |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by a lack of blood flow to the tissue that mostly affects the edges of the body like the fingers, toes, or limbs. It could also damage the organs and muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal increase in Interstitial Fluid resulting from less than normal reabsorption at the Venule end of the capillary network/bed |
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Definition
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Term
| Orthostatic (Postural) Hypotension |
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Definition
| A decrease in systolic or diastolic blood pressure when standing up when you are sitting or lying |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fatty deposits that form in the vessel walls that decrease the lumen size and create a rough surface which create a blood clot |
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Definition
| The end result of Atherosclerosis where the vessels become less elastic due to the plaque deposits |
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Term
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Definition
| Passage of fluid through the circulatory or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue |
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Term
| Compensated/Non-Progressive Shock |
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Definition
| 1st stage of Circulatory Shock where the blood pressure decreases moderately, but normal levels are reestablished by regulatory mechanisms |
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Term
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Definition
| 2nd Stage of Circulatory Shock where the regulatory mechanisms that controls the blood pressure can't compensate for the loss of blood volume. Requires medical intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| 3rd Stage of Circulatory Shock where the lack of oxygen and nutrients throughout the body's tissues and leads to extensive tissue damage and death |
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Term
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Definition
| A possible mechanism that could lead to Circulatory Shock that is caused by pump failure in the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory shock from the low blood volume and another name for Hemorrhagic Shock |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory shock from low blood volume and another name for Hypovolemic Shock |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory Shock caused from the body's tissues and organs not receiving enough blood in the capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory Shock from the loss of plasma in the interstitial spaces that makes the blood volume decrease and blood viscosity increase |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory Shock from anesthesia depressing the cardiovascular center in the medulla oblongata |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory Shock from a head injury or brain damage |
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Term
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Definition
| When toxins cause certain cells in the body to release substances that trigger inflammation which causes the blood vessels to dilate resulting in a decreased blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| Circulatory shock from an organ undergoing sepsis that can lead to Vascular Shock |
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Term
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Definition
| A hole in the Aorta due to the body not closing the Ductus Arteriosus |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood clots that block arteries within the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| A sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure, which starves the brain of oxygen and nutrients making the brain shut down temporarily |
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